Settlement in the works in cryptosporidia sprayground class action

Craig Fox of the Finger Lake Times reported today that attorneys are ready to begin negotiating an out-of-court settlement in a lawsuit that claims about 2,000 people became sick with a waterborne intestinal illness after visiting the sprayground at Seneca Lake State Park four years ago.

The suit filed with the state Attorney General’s office is against the state Department of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation and seeks compensation for damages, including pain and suffering, medical expenses and lost wages. The class action suit involves an outbreak related to the waterborne microscopic parasite cryptosporidia — which is spread through feces — between June 1 and Aug. 17, 2005. The plaintiffs allege that the outbreak was the result of contaminated water at the spraypark, and that the parks department was negligent..

The sprayground was closed from mid-August 2005 until May 2006, until new equipment was installed to stop the water from being recycled through its many stations and to prevent another outbreak from occurring.

South Wales Pool Makes 30 Sick With Crypto; Eight Being Held In Isolation

The British call them the "wet activities," which apparently refers to just about anything that can be done in a swimming pool.

In the South Wales town of Merthyr Tydfil the town has a deck level competition size swimming pool complete with electronic score boards for keeping track of those in-water competitive events.

There's both an adjoining learning pool and a leisure pool that comes with  flume , spa bath, & water features.   Oh, and did we tell you that all the pools are combatting the outbreak of the parasite cryptosporidium?

Eight swimmers who used the Merthyr Tydfil pool are now being kept in isolation after being struck by the crypto parasite.

Health officials traced the outbreak to a pool party at the town’s leisure centre two weeks ago, but were quick to reassure residents the pool is now clear of the disease.

More than 30 of the 46 people who attended the party complained of illness after swimming in the pool.

Dr Gwen Lowe, consultant in communicable disease control, at the National Public Health Service Wales, said: “A likely source of this outbreak of illness is a faecal accident.

“Our advice is that anyone who has vomiting or diarrhoea from any cause should not swim for two weeks after their symptoms have settled.”

Wisconsin City Closes And Then Re-Opens Popular Fountain That Is Not Treated and Sanitized To Public With Lot's of Warning Signs

 City officials in Neenah, WS this week restarted a popular fountain in Shattuck Park, but at the same time imposed tougher rules to prohibit kids from playing in it.

According to the local Post-Crescent newspaper, here's what happened:

The city posted signs July 22 warning people to stay out of the Shattuck fountain for health and safety reasons and then shut down the fountain indefinitely later that day after park visitors defiantly ignored the signs.

The water in the fountain is not treated and sanitized to the same degree as drinking water or swimming pool water, and officials are concerned with the risks associated with waterborne pathogens like cryptosporidium and giardia.

Eileen McCoy, director of parks and recreation, said additional warning signs were posted Tuesday to emphasize the change in policy.

"It is going to be more in your face," McCoy said of the additional signs. "We will see if that is more effective."

Neenah officials billed the fountain as an interactive water feature when it was built in 2005.

The sudden turnabout stemmed from a better understanding of how people were using the fountain and of how waterborne illnesses can spread.

Neenah is putting $45,000 in its 2010 budget for ultraviolet lighting systems for fountains at both Shattuck and Riverside parks.

The city is taking the steps to maintain its recreational immunity under Wisconsin law.

Virginia's Rye Valley Water Authority Mum For 11 Months About Water Gone Bad

In Virginia, the Rye Valley Water Authority is being accused of going almost a year before telling the public that its water had gone bad. The Bristol Herald Courier reports on how that's got the whole community of Sugar Grove up in arms.

Michael Ward stood up at a community meeting to declare he had diarrhea eight times last year – a peculiar public announcement, but one met with gratitude by dozens of his neighbors, who had squeezed into a muggy gymnasium for the June gathering. Ward was expressing their commonly held fear – that their drinking water had been making them sick for months.

That angry community meeting came after a June 11th notice by the Rye Valley Water Authority telling people that coliform bacteria was in their water.  In the "boil water" warning, the district said the danger could extend for the next 18 months advised that “In July 2008 Rye Valley Water Authority began noticing changes in our untreated or raw water testing results.”

The newspaper explained the danger this way:

Found naturally in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, coliform is used as a standard measure of fecal-matter pollutants in drinking water. Its presence in the Rye Valley system indicates that surface water might have infiltrated the water source, which is an underground spring, and quite possibly brought along other parasites such as giardia lamblia and cryptosporidium. Those parasites can cause diarrhea, headaches, even death in the most severe cases.

The boil water order caused some local restaurants to close.  The Bristol Herald Courier has more on the controversy. 

Swimming Pools Are Being Closed Once A Week In Name of Water Quality And Fighting Cryptosporidium

Last season's cryptosporidium outbreak across North Texas means there are going to be some changes at the local swimming pool this summer.

Like its bigger city neighbors of Dallas and Fort Worth, the City of Arlington, TX is going to fight cryptosporidium with a rotating one day a week closure of its swimming pools during the 2009 season.

The Arlington Star Telegram reports that:

Starting June 6, all six of Arlington’s outdoor pools and water parks will be closed one day a week for maintenance and cleaning. On any given day from Monday through Wednesday, only four pools will be open. But all will be open Thursday through Sunday, the peak swimming days.

The new schedule aims to improve water quality, provide time off for employees and save the city money on operating expenses, Parks Assistant Director Bill Gilmore said.

"All pools need a chance to refresh themselves," he said. "We don’t believe anybody will suffer, because there are other options."

Also In response to the Cryptosporidium outbreak last summer, the Texas city is installing signs at its public water parks and pools urging people not to swim if they have diarrhea. Crypto is a chlorine-resistant parasite that, if ingested, can cause stomach cramps, diarrhea, nausea and fever for up to two weeks. It is found in feces and is usually spread through water.

A few more details can be found here.

Parasites In Pennsylvania: Can Summer Be Far Behind?

 Officals in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania have anounced that 3 individuals have beenconfirmed with cryptosporidium.    While public swimming pools are common source of

cryptosporidium outbreaks, there is reportedly no evidence of such a connection here.   None of the ill individuals had public pool exposures.  Officials are still investigating to possible source of the cluster of illnesses.

Symptoms of cryptosporidium generally occur 2 to 10 days after exposure.  Symptoms include abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever, and dehydration.   The symptoms usually last 1 to 2 weeks, although they may last up to 4 weeks.  Persons with compromised immune system are at risk for more severe complications.

Mayor of Virginia Town Finds Himself "Doing A Little Side-step" As Crypto Brings "Boil Water" Order

The town well in Buchanan, VA is at risk due to Cryptosporidium, which is not killed by the chlorination process.

So the town is living with a "boil water" order and city council meetings are getting mean. And instead of talking about the Crypto in the water , Mayor Tom Middlecamp is talking up what's not in the water.

The mayor told residents that tests from April 7th indicate the town's RAW water has no traces of e.coli or total coliform.

Middlecamp said he had met with county leaders looking for a solution.

"I don't have any specifics to tell you right now because I don't know specifics, but as soon as I know. You'll be the first to know," says Middlecamp.

Buchanan is a town of 1,200 in Botetourt County located northeast of Roanoke.  After the "boil water" order was issued, 300 town angry residents turned out for the April 2nd city council meeting, and Buchanan has been in a mini uproar ever since.

The Roanoke Times has a story about it here.

Down-Under University Researchers Find One Person Could Be Responsible For Sydney's Big Crypto Outbreak

Sydney, Australia is undergoing an outbreak of Cryptosporidium that in a little more than a month has made 628 people sick. All of last year, the water rich city saw only 482 cases of Crypto.

And now the Star newspaper is reporting that the Sydney's entire cryptosporidium outbreak may be linked to a single infected person.

The latest genetic testing means it is unlikely that an infected animal or environmental conditions like the weather are to blame.

According to the Star, Macquarie University researchers say their testing is experimental, and unlikely to identify the origin of the current outbreak, but they hope their work will lead to the development of a world-leading, inexpensive automated test to quickly identify parasite strains involved in future outbreaks, allowing sources to be rapidly traced and infections contained.

Michelle Power, of Macquarie's biological sciences department, told the Star cryptosporidium outbreaks were difficult to trace using existing technology.

For more on what they are finding out down-under, the rest of the Star story can be found here

Milwaukee, Site of Largest Cryptosporidium Outbreak In U.S. History, Prefers Bottled Water

Freedom has been under attack for the past decade or so by the so-called "Nanny State."  Most "Nanny State" laws and ordinances are the product of politicians who do not have enough to do or who are totally unable to solve real problems in this society.   Sooner or later, however, some group of citizens somewhere are going to remember something about freedom and refuse to be treated like sheep.

Maybe, just maybe, the place that happens will be Milwaukee.

Milwaukee, you see, was the site of the largest cryptosporidium outbreak in U.S. history.   The old "Town of Lake" water tower (right), known in 1993 as the Howard Avenue Water Purification Plant, became contaminated on about March 23rd and was shut-down on April 8th. But this was not before 403,000 Milwaukee residents became ill. Over 100 died, mostly elderly and those with weakened immune systems such as AIDS victims.
Of the 1.61 million area residents, half were served from the Howard Avenue plant. Either you or someone you knew became ill with the stomach cramps, fever, diarrhea and dehydration caused by the pathogen.
Milwaukee officials were never able to say how crypto got into the plant.

Needless to say, lots of folks in Milwaukee prefer bottled water to tap water.   "Milwaukeeans, prompted in part by the memory of the cryptosporidium outbreak, have a large preference for water in the bottle instead of from the tap," writes Doug Hissom for onMilwaukee.com

He makes it clear the Nanny State ban of bottled water has not come to the Wisconsin city yet. If and when it does,  we bet Nanny gets a bloody nose.

 

 

 

3rd Highest Foreclosure Rate Means Florida Has Problem Pools All Over The Place--Crypto Risk High

To its growing problem with public and quasi-public swimming pools, Florida must now be concerned about its rising number of abandoned backyard pools.   The Sunshine State is No. 3 in foreclosures, according to recent data, and residential swimming pools are common.

The South Florida Sun-Sentinel recently reported on the public pool problem this way:

Nothing says "South Florida lifestyle" like a pool, a tropical oasis where you can take a dip year-round. But hundreds of pools are closed annually for carrying parasites, bacteria and other pathogens that can make swimmers seriously ill.

Swimming pools and spas in South Florida's apartment complexes, hotels and health clubs were closed a record 2,516 times last year for posing potential health hazards, a 44 percent increase over the previous year.

Health officials say the public needs to realize that a poorly maintained pool or spa poses health risks.

"When we all jump into a swimming pool, it's like we all are jumping into a bathtub together," said Michele Hlavsa, an federal epidemiologist. "You should know how well your pool is run."

The newspaper says Florida experienced at least 41 outbreaks of water-borne illnesses in the past ten years, including those involving Cryptosporidium.    Go here for more.

Andrews Park Splash Pad Shut Down Due to Crypto

Oklahoma is finding itself in the middle of another food or water borne illness--this time it is an outbreak of Cryptosporidium that's made at least 20 people sick.  KOCO-TV 5 in Oklahoma City reports:

Oklahoma health officials are looking into an outbreak of a waterborne disease in McClain and Cleveland counties that may be linked to a Norman water park.

At least 20 reported cases of cryptosporidiosis forced the health department to shut down The Splash Pad at Andrews Park early.

The illness, also known as crypto, can make one feel sick, have a fever and cause diarrhea. It’s commonly traced to swimming pools, especially those popular with children.

Water containing cryptosporidium was found in one of the attractions at The Splash Pad where water is allowed to recirculate.

Jeff Hill, of Norman’s Parks and Recreation Department, said of the 17 cases he knew about, fewer than a third were traced to The Splash Pad.“Our main concern was the health of the kids,” said Hill. “We don’t want them getting sick.” For more, go here.

Dallas Spends Summer Fight Crypto: And Crypto Is Winning

Since late June, Dallas has seen 378 reports of laboratory confirmed cases of cryptosporidium connected to the use of recreational water facilities.

Dallas County Health and Human Services (DCHHS) going into the Labor Day weekend again called on the public to take an active role in halting the spread of cryptosporidiosis (crypto). Crypto is a diarrheal illness caused by microscopic parasites called Cryptosporidium.

“We are asking the public to help DCHHS stop this outbreak,” said Dr. Wendy Chung, DCHHS Chief Epidemiologist. “The means keeping cryptosporidiosis out of our water parks, spray parks and pools and also preventing person-to-person spread."

Also, DCHHS is recommending that persons at high risk of developing severe illness, such as those with compromised immune systems, avoid use of water parks or pools until further notice,” Chung continues.

”DCHHS is working with all the aquatic facilities linked to this outbreak to ensure that proper sanitation measures are being taken,”  spokesman Zachary Thompson said. “A large number of cases of crypto in Dallas County have been associated with stand-alone spray parks and large water parks. "

For more, including info on getting crypto and the do's and don't according to Dallas health, go here.

 

Flags Over Columbus Public Health Flapping Hard As Much Work Goes On Inside

Add Cryposporidium to the list of food and water bugs that are making people in central Ohio ill this summer.   Over on the Shigella blog, we previously reported on central Ohio's bouts with E. coli, Salmonella Saintpaul, and Shigella.   Check out: Cases Of Diarrhea-Causing Bacteria Increase In Ohio

Now its Crypto.  Columbus News reports:

Columbus and Franklin County have reported 51 cases so far this year, compared to 27 cases in all of 2007. Thirty-one of those cases have been reported since July 1, prompting the health department to alert medical providers, pool operators, child care providers, schools, and the public.

Cryptosporidium, the chlorine-resistant parasite responsible for crypto, is primarily associated with treated swimming places, said health commissioner Teresa Long. On Friday, Aug. 15, Long ordered the largest 28 pools in Columbus to hyper-chlorinate their facilities immediately.

Investigations have not yielded a definitive link between the 51 reported cases, according to Columbus Public Health.

Go here for more.
 

How Many Hotel/Motel Swimming Pools Are Cryto Breeding Grounds?

We doubt if many readers are going to be looking for a hotel or motel in Fort Dodge, Iowa.   However, if you are, avoid the check-in line at the Quality Inn.   It does not look like much (see picture), but there is a swimming pool inside for 96 room, 37-year old hotel/motel.  For sure, do not go in the pool!

The Webster County Board of Health met on Wednesday night to discuss what to do about the Quality Inn.   Its pool has failed cleanliness tests six times since December, but the hotel management appears to care less.   The Fort Dodge Messenger reports:

According to Webster County Sanitarian Gary Boerner, management of Quality Inn, at 2001 Highway 169 in Fort Dodge, has failed to close their indoor pool and spa, despite failing numerous tests to determine its cleanliness. Boerner said that he has visited the establishment on at least six different occasions since December. The most recent visit was Wednesday.

''When this really became an issue was when the softball tournament was in town,'' Boerner told the board. ''I went out to Quality Inn to make sure they were cooperating correctly. I had the state inspector with me that day as well. We walked in there, there were the young kids swimming in the pool, I took a test and discovered that there was absolutely no chlorine in either the pool or the spa.''

After explaining the situation to management and telling them to close the pool, Boerner made two signs declaring the pool closed by order of the Webster County Public Health sanitarian. He then placed one sign at the front of the hotel and one at the entrance into the pool.

A visit the next day found the signs taken down and the pool open for business.

The health board referred the issue to the County Attorney for enforcement action.  Go here for more.

 

Cleburne, Texas Waits For "An Incident" Before Closing For Crypto

For the past month, much of the country has experienced temperatures in the 90 to 100 degree range.  That's not a time when anyone wants to close swimming pools, but many have been closed when the pesky Cryptosporidium parasite arrives on the scene.

Yet, we think it would be a great graduate thesis for some environmental health student to study how various jurisdictions have reacted this summer.   We were impressed by the swift action Phoenix City Manager Frank Fairbanks took in closing all city pools when confronted with the Crypto challenge. (See: How Phoenix Delivered The News That All Pools Are Closed!)

Perhaps by contrast, there were reports of Crypto-caused illnesses ten days ago at the Cleburne, Texas  Splash Station Water Park.   Only after "an incident" that forced it to close Sunday did the park come up with the Monday closure plan.   According to the Cleburne Times Review:

Cleburne’s Splash Station water park will be closed on Mondays through the end of the summer operating season. All pools will be hyper-chlorinated and the facility disinfected during that time each week. As a result of recent waterborne illness concerns Splash Station management is taking this precautionary approach to ensure patrons of the water park are protected.
Even with ongoing screening of patrons, an incident Sunday afternoon prompted Splash Station to be shut down and sanitized. The facility was then hyper-chlorinated and will now re-open Tuesday as regularly scheduled.

Go here for more on Cleburne.  These are just two examples.  We sure like to see a good study into the best approach to controlling Crypto.



Crypto Closes Popular Texas Lake For Ten Days

Burger's Lake, a popular waterhole in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, was set to re-opened today after being closed since July 16 to clean up  Cryptosporidium contamination.

According to the Fort Worth Star Telegram:

Workers at the popular swimming hole have completed the hyperchlorination process recommended by health officials, a park worker said. Hyperchlorination involves "shocking" the water with a concentrated dose of chlorine.

Health officials were expected to start testing the water at 6 a.m., according to a text message from owner Licurgus Mahan.

If needed, fresh water will continue to be added until the chlorine level is safe for swimming, he said.

Tarrant County has 20 confirmed cases of cryptosporidiosis, the newspaper says. Symptoms include diarrhea and nausea.  Go here for more.

 

How Phoenix Delivered The News That All Pools Are Closed!

"Good evening. I’m Phoenix City Manager Frank Fairbanks.

Today we learned from Maricopa County officials that two swimmers who had used the city’s Starlight Pool have tested positive for the intestinal illness crypto-spor-i-dio-sis, commonly known as “crypto.”

We also have been made aware that 14 lifeguards and 15 visitors to Starlight Pool have been ill.

We do not know that all of these people have been ill with crypto. And the pool chemical tests have met County health standards.

The only confirmed illness of which we are aware is limited to visitors of Starlight Pool. But swimmers from Starlight may have visited other city pools and some city lifeguards from Starlight work at several different city pools.

Because so many of our swimmers are children, we want to be very cautious and safe, and go above and beyond. We are therefore closing all of the city’s 29 pools for testing and treatment.

All of the pools were closed tonight and the treatment will work as follows. Parks staff is super-chlorinating all of the pools to a level of 40 parts per million of chlorine and maintaining that level of chlorine for 40 hours. The Centers for Disease Control recommends 20 parts per million, but just to be safe, we are using 40 parts per million.

Additionally, the city’s Water Department is taking samples tonight from Starlight and nearby pools and testing them for crypto. Those test results should be known in about 48 hours.

This is a good lesson for all of us. The CDC recommends that if you have symptoms of intestinal illness, such as diarrhea, vomiting, or stomach cramps, do not go swimming – in a public pool or private pool.

Again, we believe this is an isolated incident at Starlight Pool, but the safety of the public is our top priority."

Intestinal parasites found in Pismo Beach waters

April Charlton, Senior Staff Writer for the Santa Maria Times, had some bad news for California's central coast over the 4th of July weekend. She reported:

Intestinal parasites were found south of Pismo Pier and in the Cypress Street lagoon at the mouth of Pismo Creek, according to an ongoing water quality study by Pismo Beach.
Researchers have found both cryptosporidium and Giardia in samples recently taken from the lagoon and 40 feet south of Pismo Pier, said Cal Poly professor Christopher Kitts, who is heading up the study, along with other Cal Poly professors and students.
Pismo Beach is using a more than $660,000 state grant to fund the detailed study, which is a first-of-its-kind DNA tracking project that aims to identify the source of ocean pollution at the beach.
Ingesting either of the parasites - cryptosporidium or Giardia, which are also considered pathogens - can cause an otherwise healthy person to develop intestinal problems such as diarrhea.
All of the pathogens tested for in water samples taken since mid-May have been found, but, there's been no evidence so far of human contamination, Kitts said.
“That's pretty positive news,” he added.

As we remember it, the waters 40 feet south of Pismo Pier are deep and cold.  Surfers there must know how to keep their mouths shut.  Read the rest here.


Small Town In Iowa Gets Ready To Fight Crypto

Cresco, Iowa, population 3,905, located in Howard County on the border with Minnesota is one of those picture post card sort of small towns.   The Times Plain Dealer is a weekly newspaper that publishes on Wednesdays with a solid site on the web.

Sometimes its the small places that step up to big challenges.   Cresco is stepping up the fight against Cryptosporidium.  Times Dealer reporter Sara Daehn writes this week about the battle.

Record high cases of infections by the parasite Cryptosporidium throughout Iowa in 2007 and 2008 have prompted Cresco Fitness Center officials to discuss a plan in the event of a local outbreak.
Fitness center employees are working with Community Health Services/Howard County Public Health officials to develop the plan as well as ways to prevent an outbreak from occurring.
One of the most common waterborne diseases, Cryptosporidium, commonly known as crypto, is easily spread in recreational water, such as pools and rivers. The parasite is one of several Recreational Water Illnesses. Others include Giardia, Shigella and E. coli.

Although Howard County did not have any documented cases of Crypto in 2007 or so far in 2008, local officials agree it’s best to be prepared.

Crypto struck 937 Iowans last year.  Most were age 4 and under.







Upcoming Week Used To Fight "Crypto" In Recreational Waters

State and local health departments and the Centers for Disease Control investigated a historic high number of illnesses involving recreational waters last year. 

The upsurge is being driven by  Cryptosporidium ("Crypto").   Its a chlorine resistant parasite found in recreational waters including swimming pools and parks. 

"Crypto" gets into recreational waters from babies and older swimmers with diarrhea.  Other swimmers then swallow the contaminated waters, spreading the disease.

CDC wants to educate the public about the threat  of "Crypto"  to all those who are about to enjoyed the nation's swimming pools and parks.   So, May 19-25, 2008 is being celebrated as "National Recreational Water Illness Prevention Week."

The annual event is held the week before Memorial Day Weekend, the traditional start of summer.  CDC is using the week to get out its  three "pleas" to swimmers and parents in hopes of controlling the quick-spreading parasite this summer.  Here they are:

Three "PLEAs" for All Swimmers

Practice these three "PLEAs" to stop germs from causing illness at the pool:

 

Please don't swim when you have diarrhea. You can spread germs in the water and make other people sick. This is especially important for kids in diapers.

Please don't swallow the pool water. In fact, avoid getting water in your mouth.

Please practice good hygiene. Take a shower before swimming and wash your hands after using the toilet or changing diapers. Germs on your body end up in the water.

Three "PLEAs" for Parents of Young Kids

 

Follow these three "PLEAs" to keep germs out of the pool and your community:

Please take your kids on bathroom breaks or check diapers often. Waiting to hear "I have to go" may mean that it's too late.

Please change diapers in a bathroom or a diaper-changing area and not at poolside. Germs can spread to surfaces and objects in and around the pool and cause illness.

Please wash your child thoroughly (especially the rear end) with soap and water before swimming. Everyone has invisible amounts of fecal matter on their bottoms that ends up in the pool.

CDC has lot's more more available here.

 

Provo Fights Crypto With High Tech Equipment

As regular readers will know, we've been following the reaction of local and state governments in Utah the likelihood that last summer's Crytosporidium outbreak will return this year.   Latest to do something is the City of Provo.  The Salt Lake Tribune reports:

Provo will spend $200,000 to add high-tech equipment to fight cryptosporidium at swimming pools. 
Utah had more than 1,900 cases of crypto last year. It can spread in water contaminated with human feces and cause diarrhea and other problems. 
The ultraviolet disinfectant systems will be installed at the Veterans Memorial Pool and Waterslide Park complex and at the Provo Recreation Center. 
The equipment works by shining rays on water as it circulates through the system. It can take 24 hours to clean a pool, and there still can be some water that doesn't pass through the system. 
Salt Lake County is trying a similar strategy.

Find the story here.

Check out the comments there too.  Someone is suggesting Provo start taxing diapers to pay for  the improvements!

44 Percent Increase In Crypto, FoodNet Data Shows

After the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention released the 2007 FoodNet data, most of the stories that were written focused on the fact that there was little change in the incidents of food-borne illnesses in 45-million person study area.

There was, however,  one exception.   The parasite Cryptosporidium, for which the estimated incidence of infections was up 44 percent compared with the 2004-06 period, the CDC said.

Dr. Robert Tauxe, deputy director of the CDC's Division of Foodborne, Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, said new treatment for the parasite infection might be causing doctors to order more tests for it.

Tauxe said the increase in Cryptosporidium cases may reflect increased diagnostic testing triggered by the licensing of a new treatment, nitazoxanide.    "There wasn't a compelling reason to get a test done in the past. Now it's something they [physicians] can treat," he said.

On the other hand, there might be just a lot more of the parasite out there.   The Foodnet area includes Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, New Mexico, Oregon, and Tennessee, plus parts of California, Colorado, and New York.  Cypto outbreaks have been commonplace, especially involving water parks and public swimming pools.

FoodNet counted 1,216 cases of Cryptosporidium in the study area during 2007, or  2.67 per 100,000.  Since the study area represents 15 percent of the total population in the United States, FoodNet suggests there might have been more than 8,100 Cryto cases in the entire country last year.

 

 

Giardia & Cryptosporidium Found In Alamosa's Water

KOAA-TV, the NBC affiliate in Colorado Springs and Pueblo, tonight (4/9/08) is reporting that parasites have been found in Alamosa's water.  KOAA reports that:

Residents of Alamosa hoped that this was the day they'd get the all-clear on their municipal water supply. No such luck. New problems have been  found.

The Colorado Department of Health informed the city that a water sample taken before the system was flushed contained two different parasites -- Giardia and Cryptosporidium.  Both can cause diarrhea. The water tests were performed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 

Investigators from the CDC were in Alamosa to investigate reports that several hundred people contracted salmonella 
The salmonella was traced to the municipal water supply, but officials were unsuccessful in tracing how the bacteria got into the water. The contaminated water was identified three weeks ago today, when residents were told to completely stop using the water.

Alamosa remains on a "boiled water" order.   The number of people who've gotten sick has reached 389 with 107 culture confirmed cases of salmonella.   Sixteen people required hospitalization, but none died and all have been released.  For the KOAA story, go here.

Nevada Town Plans To Zap Cyptosporidium In Pool

We've written much about last summer's outbreak of Cryptosporidium in Utah.   Next door, in Nevada, the town of Fernley is making parasite control a big part of its pool upgrades.

The municipality  of 19,700 is spending $731,368 on its "pool deck improvement project."  Included in the scope of the project is parasite fighting system  RGJ.com reports:

Part of the upgrades includes installation of an ultra violet light sanitation system, to which Board member Chris Beni asked what the benefit of that system entailed.

Facility Director Jann Van Horn said, "I suspect the CDC (Center for Disease Control) will be requiring it very shortly based on the literature I've been reading."  She went on to say the UV disinfection system get rid of water born germs including Cryptosporidium and Giardia, instantly.

Van Horn added those two water born germs shut down pools in Salt Lake City, Utah. She went on to say the UV disinfection systems are now required in the states of New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania.

The rest of the story can be found here.

Spanish Fork Did Not Warn About Crypto

Last summer's Cryptosporidium outbreak in Utah's public swimming pools continues to get attention.   First,  public health officials have been warned such large outbreaks are usually followed by a continued presence of the parasite the following year.   Second, some officials want Utah to strike before that happens with a ban on wearing diapers in public swimming pools.   And, third, studies are coming in on what actually did happen last season.

The cypto parasite made lots of people sick at the public swimming pool at Spanish Fork, Utah. (It is shown in the picture.)  So, its been subjected to a study by the Utah County Health Department.  The Salt Lake Tribune reports that:

A Utah County Health Department investigation found the Spanish Fork pool didn't post a mandatory sign telling people with diarrhea
they couldn't swim. While the notice was read over the intercom, no employees heard it, the report said.

The county's findings did not please Spanish Fork officials.  Assistant city manager Seth Perrins said the city is "not liable  for a crypto outbreak" and noted the pool was closed and super-chlorinated when managers were told it was infected with the parasite.

Go here for whole SLT story.
 

A New Device To Combat Crypto In Water

Did you ever wish you had a magic wand that you could just wave at bacteria, viruses and protozoa in water that would prevent nasty bugs like giardia and cryptosporidium from reproducing and spreading havoc?

Well, its now available at outdoor stores like REI for just $130.  The New York Times gushes that:

The wand can clean up a quart of water that is clear — but could harbor stomach-wrecking microorganisms — in 90 seconds.

The five ounce device is called the SteriPen JourneyLCD.   It has has a liquid-crystal display that shows a countdown during purification (48 seconds for 16 ounces, 90 seconds for 32 ounces) and a smiley face at the end to signal that the job is done.

Check out the rest of the review in the NYT here.

Brandeis Researcher Fights Cypto Parasite

There is no vaccine for it and only a few medicines work well against without making the person with it even more sick.  The cryptosporidium parasite is truly a nasty, nasty bug. 

The water-borne parasite makes thousands upon thousands of children in the third world sick with diarrhea.   Besides children, cypto is often deadly for people in developing countries who are already suffering with compromised immune systems from AIDS or Cancer.

That's why there is intense interest in research being done to fight this parasite.   The Voice of America follows these developments closely.  VOA News reports on progress being made by Researcher Liz Hedstrom from Brandeis University in Massachusetts. 

"We found 10 compounds that did selectively bind to the parasite enzyme and not the human version," Hedstrom says. "It turns out that those 10 compounds do actually inhibit parasite growth."

The next step, Hedstrom says, is to test these ten compounds to see which works best and can be tolerated by animals and then by humans. She hopes that in several years, they'll be testing prototype drugs in animals.

Her research is published in the journal Chemistry and Biology.  Go here for the VOA News story.

 

They've Got A Cryptosporidium Outbreak Down Under

 

 Folks  in cold climates this time of year start thinking about places where its summer now.   You are probably not thinking about the bad things that can happen when temperatures warm up.   Australia's Victoria, for example, is right now suffering from  a cryptosporidium outbreak that is being blamed on the increase use of public swimming pools that comes with hot weather.  

The Herald Sun reports that:

In December there were 106 confirmed cases of gastro caused by the cryptosporidium parasite -- three times more than the December average of just 34 cases.

The parasite causes symptoms such as diarrhoea, stomach cramps and vomiting.

As hot weather drives Victorians to pools, chief health officer John Carnie warned those with symptoms to stay out of the water.

"The cryptosporidium parasite cannot be killed by normal levels of chlorination, so we are urging people who have had diarrhoea not to go into a swimming pool for at least 14 days after symptoms have ceased," Dr Carnie said.

The Herald Sun's complete report can be found here.

 

                       

 

 

 cryptosporidium

Big Payout Coming Over Scottish Outbreak

Evening Times: click here to return to our homepage

Almost five years ago, there was an outbreak of Crptosporidium in a public pool in suburban Glasgow that made 30 swimmers sick.   Only now are officials about to pay up, according to the Evening Times. Scotland's  Jonathan Paisley reports that:

LEISURE chiefs face a £100,000 compensation bill after admitting full responsibility for a cryptosporidium outbreak in a public swimming pool.

Bosses of Eastwood Pool, in Giffnock, have accepted a damning NHS Greater Glasgow report into maintenance levels at the centre, describing the findings as "accurate".

Five families are suing the council after almost 30 swimmers fell ill with the stomach bug in August 2003. They had to wait more than four years for a health inspectors' report into the outbreak, which was released at Christmas.

Now council officials have revealed they won't challenge the findings - further boosting hopes of compensation for those affected.

For Paisley's complete story, go here.

FDA Was First To Act Against Baby's Bliss

The United States Food & Drug Administration (FDA) and the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection moved against Baby's Bliss apple flavor gripe water last September. 

On 9/21, FDA said:

FDA is warning consumers not to consume Baby's Bliss Gripe Water, apple flavor, with a code of 26952V and expiration date of October 2008 (shown as '10/08' on the label). The product is distributed by MOM Enterprises, Inc., of San Rafael , Calif.

FDA confirmed through laboratory analysis the presence of cryptosporidium after investigating the illness of a 6-week-old infant in Minnesota who consumed the product. Cryptosporidium is a parasite that can cause intestinal infections. MOM Enterprises, Inc. is fully cooperating with FDA's investigation and is recalling all potentially contaminated products.

Parents of children who have recently consumed Baby's Bliss Gripe Water, apple flavor, and have symptoms should seek immediate medical attention. Parents and caregivers should be alert for diarrhea and other signs of Cryptosporidium infection.

Three days later on 9/24, the State of Connecticut added this:

The Department of Consumer Protection has removed a product from three stores where it was sold, following a voluntary recall by the manufacturer and a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warning consumers not to drink or serve the beverage.

The product is Baby's Bliss Gripe Water, apple flavor, with a code of 26952V and expiration date of October 2008 (shown as "10/08" on the label), distributed by MOM Enterprises, Inc., of San Rafael, Calif. The FDA confirmed through laboratory analysis the presence of cryptosporidium after investigating the illness of a 6-week-old infant in Minnesota who consumed the product. Cryptosporidium is a parasite that can cause intestinal infections.

"We have identified three stores in the state that have sold this beverage, and we have made sure that the product has been removed from sale," Consumer Protection Commissioner Jerry Farrell, Jr. said. "Consumers who have this item at home should be sure it is not coded and dated as described in the FDA warning. If it is, please do not use the beverage, but discard it immediately."

The three stores known to have carried Baby's Bliss Gripe Water are:

  • Over the Moon, Avon
  • Bissell Pharmacy, Ridgefield
  • Starlight Baby, Southbury

All of the above stores have been contacted by Consumer Protection and are aware of the recall.

The action Health Canada has taken against Baby's Bliss in the last few days, however, makes one wonder: What happens to recalled products anyway?

Health Canada Warns Parents About Baby's Bliss

A product for ill children is found to carry the dangerous parasite cryptosporidium and Health Canada is warning parents about it.   Where does the product come from?  China?  Nope.

How about California?  Yep and the product is natural too.  Nothing more natural than a good 'Ole parasite sharing the planet with us.    Anyway,  here's what Becky Rynor at the CanWest News Service reported over the weekend:

Health Canada is telling parents not to use two natural products for treating upset stomachs in infants and children because of potential bacterial contamination.

Baby's Bliss Gripe Water, apple flavor, 26952V, is a natural health product given to babies to "ease stomach discomfort and gas often associated with colic, hiccups and teething," Health Canada said in an alert to consumers.

The product is distributed by MOM Enterprises, Inc. in California and is sold in a 118.26 milliliters plastic bottle in a cardboard carton. The label reads: Baby's Bliss Pediatrician Recommended Gripe Water Apple Flavor.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration found the product contains the parasite cryptosporidium which can infect the gastrointestinal tract. "Infections due to cryptosporidium may cause watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, vomiting and, in some cases, death," Health Canada said.

The other product does have a China connection.   Its Zhong Ti Xiao Er Jian Pi San, batch number JPS0704, manufactured by MOH Pharmaceutical Technologies in Malaysia and distributed through Singapore by Chung Kuo Refined Chinese Medicine Dealers Ltd.

Health Canada said this is a also a natural health product used to treat upset stomachs and digestive problems in children. It comes in powder form in a 20 gram pack.

Neither product can be legally sold in Canada, but Health Canada says parents might get it on the Internet or by traveling to the United States.   It looks like Bliss built its business on the Internet, but its now advertising that its products are "now available at Walgreen's."

We'll be checking to seeing if our parasite-finding FDA is doing anything on this side of the border.

 

 

 

Salt Lake Tribune Says Diapers and Pool Waters Do Not Mix

Utah health officials like Lewis Garrett who want to ban diaper-wearing tots from pools now have the backing of the editorial page at the Salt Lake Tribune.   The editorial writers really got into the subject:

"Don't take this the wrong way. We love babies. Lov'em, lov'em, lov'em. And we don't want to spoil their fun. But until Mommy and Daddy teach them to go potty, their dirty little bottoms should be banned from public swimming pools. 


"Kids in diapers can turn swimming pools into cesspools. And it's more than just gross. Babies and toddlers in water, while a source of boundless joy and lots of laughs for parents and siblings, are also the cause of countless cases of cryptosporidiosis, a disease named for a nasty little parasite that lives in feces. Humans generally ingest the parasite while swimming in contaminated lakes and streams, then pass it along when they visit a public pool.

"Last summer, Utah experienced a serious outbreak of the disease, which causes severe diarrhea. Public health officials said 88 percent of the cases were linked to recreational swimming. Babies and toddlers in swim diapers - those colorful pseudo-suits that claim to be leak proof but aren't - rightly bore the brunt of the blame.

"Nobody died, but thousands of residents spent a lot of time on the toilet, and dozens were hospitalized. State health officials logged 1,963 crypto cases in 2007, up from 14 in an average year. And, because studies show that most cases go undiagnosed and unreported, the outbreak was probably even worse. "

Tribune editorial writers noted that the Centers for Disease Control have warned that crypto will be back next summer and that the Utah Health Board is getting ready with the diaper ban.

The Tribune lets its readers comment on line and many did so and most were supportive.  Some are wondering, however, if health officials are  looking the right place.

Two examples:

  I personally wonder if the real cause might not be found in the chemical suppliers for the pool industry. I doubt the pool staffs were doing anything different in how they treated the pools. Mothers certainly weren't doing anything different, yet suddenly crypto cases skyrocket? IMO a more likely cause is the chemical suppliers decided to reformulate to save money, but didn't bother to tell anyone else. --dwildren

I find it interesting that most of the time, poop is found in the area where the bigger (toilet trained) kids are playing. I've taken lots of babies to the pool and never had them #2 in their swim diapers. I think it's bigger kids who don't want to leave the fun and head to the toilet. That being said, I have no problem with the ban if it might help. At least it could rule out one possibility. Personally, I plan on saving for a pool in my backyard. - sofia

At this point, we'd bet the diapers are going down in Utah.  We'll watch to see  if there is a  counteroffensive.


   

 


Utah's Davis County considers diaper ban

Utah last summer recorded 1,963 cases of cryptosporidiosis. There were just 14 cases during the previous summer.

Lewis Garrett, who was named 2007’s Health Officer of the Year by the Utah Association of Local Boards of Health, favors a permanent ban on diapers in public pools.

That’s because he thinks summer 2008 will bring another cryptosporidiosis outbreak to Utah, especially to the recreational swimming areas in the four counties of the Wasatch Front.

“We’ve been told by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) that when you have a outbreak of this magnitude, it comes back a year later, “ Garrett --who is executive director of the Davis County Health Department-- told The Salk Lake Tribune.

“It’s an insidious little bug.”

The step to ban diaper-clad tots from public pools in baby-friendly Utah is getting serious consideration from public health officials. Garrett, working through his Davis County Board of Health, has been shaking up public health in Utah. A few examples:

[] Minors not with their parents are prohibited from using tanning booths.

[] Mass clinics locations have been established using Mormon church stake centers.

[] Outdoor smoking has been banned in public places.

[] Protecting public well water through new source protection ordinances.

In response to the last cryptosporidiosis outbreak, the Utah Department of Health prohibited children under 5 from public swimming pools. In addition, pools were required to implement hyper-chlorination measures. The ban on diapers applied without regard to age.

The state restrictions, however, were lifted last month.

After that, Garrett brought the issue back up before the Davis County Board of Health. He favors making the ban on diaper-wearing youngsters permanent. But, the board majority isn’t there---yet.

Ann Benson, chairwoman of the board, says Garrett is “very much on the leading edge; proactive rather than process-oriented.”

This one will be interesting to watch.




Cryptosporidium parasite restrictions entirely lifted in Utah



The final pool restrictions imposed last summer to curb an outbreak of the cryptosporidiosis parasite have been lifted in Davis County and statewide.  The Utah Department of Health announced Wednesday that the restrictions have been lifted. Pool operators are no longer required to hyperchlorinate pools and maintain higher levels of chlorine. The restriction from swimming has also been lifted for anyone who needs to wear diapers, regardless of age. And day care centers may once again include water activities in their daily routines.

The parasite has a very hard outer shell which resists normal pool chlorination. That’s why pool operators had to hyperchlorinate pools this summer.  Crypto is a parasite that causes severe chronic diarrhea. The bug infected pools across much of the Wasatch Front over the summer.  The parasite cryptosporidium is transmitted through a fecal-oral route. That means during the off-season for swimming, the parasite is most often transmitted in places like day care centers, where a lot of diapers are being changed, Garrett said, and by people, especially children, failing to wash their hands after using the bathroom.

Day Care worker diagnosed with Cryptosporidiosis

A Wisconsin day care worker has been diagnosed with Cryptosporidiosis, the infection caused by the ingestion of Cryptosporidium, a parasite.  As reported by the Lake County Reporter:
At All About Learning in Oconomowoc, the staff member with Cryptosporidium is being treated with antibiotics and has already been allowed to return to work under physician approval.

"We don't know how she got it," said Heidi Krueger, director of the Oconomowoc center.

The staff member went to an emergency room Sept. 27 because of cramping and dehydration and with treatment was back to work the following Monday. The Oconomowoc center has also been in contact with the health department.
The news of the worker's illness coincides with a report that a child at an affiliated daycare has been diagnosed with an E. coli infection

Cryptosporidiosis Outbreaks Associated With Recreational Water Use -- Five States, 2006

Cryptosporidiosis is a gastrointestinal illness caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Cryptosporidium and can produce watery diarrhea lasting 1-3 weeks1; one or two cases per 100,000 population are reported annually in the United States.2-3 Fecal-oral transmission of Cryptosporidium oocysts occurs through ingestion of contaminated drinking or recreational water, consumption of contaminated food, and contact with infected persons or animals (e.g., cattle or sheep).

keep reading here

Baby's Bliss Gripe Water Warning

MOM Enterprises, in cooperation with an FDA investigation, is recalling apple-flavored Baby’s Bliss Gripe Water (code number 26952V, expiration date October 2008) after laboratory analysis confirmed the presence of the Cryptosporidium pathogen

keep reading here

State health department warns about illness

PIERRE - The state health department is warning South Dakotans to protect themselves from cryptosporidiosis, an intestinal illness that is increasing across the nation.

The disease is caused by a microscopic parasite called Cryptosporidium, and outbreaks in the past have been linked to contaminated recreational water such as swimming pools and waterparks. There has been no specific common exposure in the South Dakota cases.

"We've reported 108 cases of cryptosporidiosis so far this year, which is up considerably from the five-year median of 31 cases a year," said Lon Kightlinger, state epidemiologist. "Several of our neighboring states are also seeing increases in crypto."

keep reading here

Crypto diarrhea illness in Shelby County

Cryptosporidium, also known as crypto is a germ that causes diarrhea. An individual becomes infected with crypto by accidentally swallowing feces-contaminated food or water or having contact with other feces-contaminated objects.

Crypto is easily spread person-to-person. Currently there are outbreaks of crypto in several Iowa counties. The Shelby County area has had two confirmed cases recently.

Crypto causes watery diarrhea, which can result in dehydration. Symptoms typically occur 2 to 12 days after exposure but the illness may go in cycles of getting better, then worse before the illness ends.

Keep reading here

Ban on tots in pools extended for 2 more weeks

State and local health departments Tuesday extended for at least two more weeks the swimming restrictions that bar children under 5 from public pools.

Restrictions were announced in late August to deal with a statewide outbreak of illness caused by the parasite cryptosporidium, most often spread by swimming pools. There have been 1,300 confirmed cases of the resulting illness, cryptosporidiosis, this year — 30 a year is typical — with those infected suffering long-lasting, often debilitating diarrhea.

More people have been hospitalized with cryptosporidium — 39 so far this year — than the usual total number of cases in a year.

Because it takes about 18 days from exposure to cryptosporidium to illness, testing and confirmation provided to the state, health officials say they don't know yet whether the restrictions have done enough. So they'll leave the ban in place for two more weeks to see if the number of cases drops.

Keep reading here

Water Parasite Affects 7 Valley Residents

A mysterious parasite is somewhere in Southern Nevada's water supply. The water-borne illness has already affected seven people in the valley.

The Southern Nevada Health District has few answers about where the parasite, cryptosporidium, came from.

This mystery has few common threads. The seven people aren't connected, and cryptosporidium can appear almost anywhere.

"Any untreated water is a possible source of an illness," said Mark Bergholdt, Southern Nevada Health District.

Keep reading here

Cryptosporidiosis Surveillance --- United States, 2003--2005

Problem/Condition: Cryptosporidiosis, a gastrointestinal illness, is caused by protozoa of the genus Cryptosporidium.

Reporting Period: 2003--2005.

System Description: State and two metropolitan health departments voluntarily reported cases of cryptosporidiosis through CDC's National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.

Results: During 2003--2005, the total number of reported cases of cryptosporidiosis increased from 3,505 for 2003 to 3,911 for 2004 and to 8,269 for 2005. All reporting areas submitted reports, with more reports from northern states. Compared with other age groups, a greater number of case reports were received for children aged 1--9 years and adults aged 30--39 years. Peak onset of illness occurred annually during early summer through early fall.

Keep reading here

Eight people sick from cryptosporidium in Marathon County

WAUSAU, Wis. (AP) - The Marathon County health department is investigating an outbreak of cryptosporidium (krip-toh-spor-RID'-ium).

The disease is a single-celled parasite that causes watery diarrhea and abdominal cramps.

So far eight people have been sickened since August 6th.

Health officials say the outbreak may be traced to an outdoor pool at the Rothschild-Schofield aquatic center. The pool has been closed for the season.

Keep Reading Here

Campbell County reports 18 cryptosporidium cases

GILLETTE, Wyo. (AP) - Eighteen cases of cryptosporidium linked to two pools have been documented in Gillette since mid-July.

A few other cases have originated at Keyhole Reservoir in Crook County.

Kelly Weidenbach, a state surveillance epidemiologist, says it's difficult to say whether the parasite source is the Gillette city pool or the Campbell County pool.

She says many people afflicted with the diarrhea-causing parasite had swum at both pools this summer.

keep reading here

Cases of water-linked diarrhea continue to rise across state

The number of people reporting cases of severe diarrhea continues to rise, and exposure will likely not decline until people who are sick - or who have recently been sick - avoid pools and recreational waters, the Utah Department of Health warns.
 
To date, more than 150 cases of cryptosporidium - a parasite that is chlorine resistant at normal levels used in pools and can be difficult to eliminate - have been reported to the Davis County, Salt Lake Valley, Utah County and Weber/Morgan health departments.

Of particular concern are individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV or AIDS, cancer, those who have recently had an organ transplant and are taking certain immunosuppressive drugs, and those with inherited diseases that affect the immune system.

Keep reading here

Cryptosporidium outbreak closes Garner Aquatic Center for season

GARNER — The Garner Aquatic Center will close for the season effective immediately due to a recent outbreak of the cryptosporidium parasite.

On August 17, the city of Garner was notified that at least one person with cryptosporidiosis was known to have recently visited the Aquatic Center and that the pool would have to close for the day to super-chlorinate the water. Due to the pervasiveness of the cryptosporidium parasite at this time and the limited number of days remaining in the season, city leaders have opted to close the center for the rest of the season.

keep reading here

County logs six pool parasite cases

FARMINGTON — Davis County health officials are asking that people abide by good hygiene practices as they make use of area pools.

Over the past few weeks, there have been six cases of the parasite cryptosporidium reported in area pools, causing gastrointestinal illnesses, like diarrhea.

As of late last week, the Salt Lake Valley Health Department had seen 24 cases and in Utah County, health officials had seen 46 cases. Typically, a county sees only three cases, according to the Utah Department of Health, and the last time there was a case reported in Davis County was 2004. when there was one, although Brian Hatch, the county’s epidemiologist, said there was one year prior to 2004, when there were 20 cases.

keep reading here

Illnesses Associated With Swimming In Lakes Increased

Several cases of illnesses associated with swimming and other recreational water activities in lakes have been reported to the North Dakota Department of Health.

Several kinds of germs that cause diarrhea are naturally found in lakes and rivers. For example, cryptosporidium is a parasite that finds its way into water when excreted in feces of people and many species of animals, including cattle, sheep, rodents, cats, dogs and birds. Humans become infected by swallowing water contaminated with the parasite.

"Unfortunately, people don't often realize that lakes and rivers can contain germs that may make them sick," Goplin said. "It's very important that people don't swallow the water when swimming or water skiing."

keep reading here

Pool infections in Limerick

The Montgomery County Health Department has issued a warning about a parasitic infection linked to the Spring Valley YMCA in Limerick.

The health department confirmed three infections of the gastrointestinal ailment cryptosporidium, which is caused by microscopic parasites that invade the intestine and pass in the stool. Recreational pools have been known to be a source of this type of infection, which is usually contracted by accidentally swallowing water that has been contaminated with fecal matter.

Keep reading here

Can swallowing pool water make you sick?

There you are, floating in the pool with nary a care in the world. Suddenly, an errant water toy lands on your stomach. Caught off guard, you flail around in the pool, taking in a big gulp of water as you regain your balance.

Drinking pool water might not seem like a walk on the wild side, but it's definitely something that should be avoided. That's because contaminated pool water is a prime cause of an intestinal bug known as "recreational water illness." (And no, recreational water illness is not a good time unless ear, skin and eye infections or a round of diarrhea are fun for you.)

Recreational water illnesses are caused by invisible-to-the-eye germs like giardia, E. coli and shigella that contaminate pool water. Chlorine kills most of the germs that cause these stomach ailments, but it doesn't work instantly. And some of these germs, like Cryptosporidium, better known as Crypto, are resistant to chlorine.

So if someone who has diarrhea goes swimming in a pool, fecal matter can contaminate the water. And that can lead to illness. Children, pregnant women and people with compromised immune systems who are exposed to these kinds of germs can get sicker than other people.

The number of people affected by recreational water illnesses each year is unknown. Most cases go unreported, although there have been 150 confirmed outbreaks affecting thousands of people during the last 10 years, involving water parks, spas and hot tubs. It can take several weeks before the germs in the water cause illness, so many people don't realize their illness is related to swimming.

It's a good idea to rinse off before you jump in the pool to remove fecal matter or other germs. And if you've been sick with diarrhea, stay out of the water.

Tips To Prevent Recreational Water Illnesses

Recreational Water Illnesses

Healthy swimming behaviors can greatly reduce the risk of recreational water illness from occurring and help stop germs from getting in the water.

"Swimming in pools, lakes and rivers are a popular summer pastime in North Dakota," Goplin said. "Ill or recently ill people who swim in recreational waters put others at risk." Recreational water illnesses (RWI) are spread by swallowing contaminated water from swimming pools, hot tubs, lakes, rivers and oceans. The most commonly reported RWI is diarrhea, usually caused by germs including cryptosporidium, giardia, shigella and E. coli.

keep reading here

Just what are area swimmers diving into?

Every year John Mason said he temporarily closes between 30 and 40 pools in Deschutes County for violating health codes.

The facilities that break the rules are typically using too little chlorine, have water with an out-of-whack pH balance or are missing safety equipment, he said. And as an inspector for the Deschutes County Environmental Health Division, Mason said it’s his job to protect the public from potentially unhealthy swimming environments.

keep reading here

Southland beaches don't make the grade

SOUTHERN California beaches offer a little slice of heaven for true water hounds — regular sets of big, muscular waves for surfers, cool ocean breezes for kite boarders and windsurfers and long stretches of shallow water for flopping around on rafts and belly boards.

But nearly everyone who's ever swallowed a big mouthful of ocean water has wondered the same thing: What exactly is lurking in there — and what are the chances of getting sick from it?

The answer depends on the water quality at any given beach at any given time. This year, despite last winter's low rainfall, water quality at L.A. County beaches ranked among the worst in the state, brought down by particularly poor water quality in Long Beach, according to Mark Gold, executive director of the nonprofit environmental group Heal the Bay.

Heal the Bay issues a weekly "report card" for each beach, based on data assembled from more than 20 coastal health agencies.

Keep reading here

Jump in! Water's fine (you hope)

SAN JOSE, Calif. -- On hot, sticky days, there's nothing more refreshing than jumping into a cold pool. But how can you tell if the water is clean and safe?

It's not easy, say experts in pool health and safety. Even clear, sparkling pools can harbor bacteria. And a strong chlorine smell, often followed by stinging eyes and coughing, doesn't necessarily mean swimmers are safe: It's a noxious byproduct of chlorine binding to mass amounts of urine and sweat, said Michael Beach, an epidemiologist for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Keep reading here

Liberty spraygrounds open with more defense against bacteria

Liberty’s spraygrounds opened today for the summer season after extra efforts by city staff in recent months to ensure that cryptosporidium had been washed out of the facilities.

The diarrhea-causing bacteria cropped up at City Park and Ruth Moore Park last summer, sickening dozens of residents and forcing the city to close the popular water features several weeks early.

Keep reading here.

New water filtration materials help assure safe drinking water

A new generation of water filtration materials is enabling municipalities and industries in the United States and water-short countries overseas to produce safe drinking water from supplies contaminated with salts and other undesirable compounds, according to an article scheduled for the April 23 issue of Chemical & Engineering News, ACS’ weekly newsmagazine.

Keep reading here

If pool chlorine's strong, why did my child get sick?

• Q: Over spring break, my children attended a pool party. Later, one got really sick; the doctor thought that an organism in the water caused it. I don't understand how that could happen; I could smell the chlorine before I could see the pool.
Can Action Line explain?

• A: Your child contracted what's known as an RWI, or recreational water illness. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there has been a marked increase in cases over the last decade. While chlorine does kill most germs, it takes several hours to reach maximum effectiveness; and some organisms, such as Cryptosporidium, or Crypto, which causes diarrhea, are resistant to it. Beyond that, if you could smell chlorine from a distance, the pool wasn't properly treated. A well-managed pool should look clear; there should be no strong smell of chlorine.

Keep reading here

Cupertino fountains to bubble again

The in-ground fountains at Cupertino's Civic Center Plaza are scheduled to bubble up again after several days of routine maintenance. It is unclear why they were left off the list of seven similar fountains that Santa Clara County officials are investigating for health hazards.

Children often play in the Cupertino fountains, as the designers intended.

County environmental health officials are investigating fountains built for children that may not properly kill water-borne bacteria and parasites. Cupertino's fountains, located between City Hall and the Cupertino Library, fit the bill.

The county's investigation is prompted by cases of cryptosporidium at Plaza de Cesar Chavez in San Jose. The parasite causes nausea and diarrhea.

keep reading here

Reused water draws scrutiny at Santa Clara County play fountains

After a nasty parasite outbreak at the play fountain at San Jose's Plaza de Cesar Chavez sickened at least seven children last summer, the fountain remains closed at least until July, with repairs expected to cost about $600,000. And a similar fountain at McEnery Park remains off limits indefinitely because there's no money budgeted to fix it.

As Santa Clara County health officials continue to scrutinize the county's play fountains, the scope of the repairs is coming into sharp focus as summer nears and kids start eyeing their swimsuits.

"Every time I see the estimates, I need dental surgery because my jaw hits the ground," said Councilman Sam Liccardo, whose district includes both the Cesar Chavez and McEnery fountains.

Keep reading here

Thank You NY State DOH



The New York State Health Department shut down the Sprayground on August 15, 2005, after it was determined that the Spraygroundís water holding tanks, which were used to recycle water, were contaminated with Cryptosporidium. On August 26, the Health Department issued an update on its investigation into the outbreak, announcing that 3,297 cases of Cryptosporidium had been reported in 33 New York counties. Of those cases, 415 were confirmed cases reported to the State Health Department. Thirty-three people had been hospitalized with Cryptosporidiosis.  Click on PowerPoint to see the summary of the State's own investigation.  See www.sprayparkoutbreak.com for updates.

The class action arises out of an outbreak of illness related to the waterborne microscopic parasite cryptosporidia in June, July, and August, 2005. The plaintiffs allege that the outbreak is the result of contaminated water at the Seneca Lake Spray Park in Geneva, New York in that same time frame. The plaintiffs also allege that the State of New York was negligent, and therefore legally responsible for the illnesses. The State of New York disputes these allegations.

The case is currently filed in The State of New York Court of Claims, in front of Judge Nicholas V. Midey, Jr. The plaintiffs’ motion for class certification has been granted. The litigation is presently in a “Notice” stage, where potential class members are being given the opportunity to apply to be members of the class. Issues pertaining to liability of the State of New York and potential compensation for Class members are yet to be determined.

UU Scientists Target Cryptosporidium Superbug

University of Ulster scientists have made a significant breakthrough in the global research into cryptosporidium, the parasite responsible for majority of gastrointestinal parasitic infections around the world.

Despite intensive efforts for more than 20 years, there is currently no effective drug treatment against cryptosporidium, a water borne parasite that can infect both humans and domestic, and wild animals. Infection by the parasite causes cryptosporidiosis, the associated disease, which in healthy adults can cause unpleasant diarrhoea but for people suffering from AIDS and others to susceptible infection, it can be potentially fatal. Cryptosporidiosis currently kills around 20% of AIDS patients.

Dr Colm Lowery, a senior member of the internationally renowned UU cryptosporidium research group in the University’s Centre for Molecular Biosciences at the Coleraine campus, explained that UU’s novel approach involved the identification of proteins expressed at different stages of the life-cycle of the Cryptosporidium parasite.

“The study was the first major proteomic investigation of its kind on cryptosporidium species and represents a substantial step forward in our understanding of cryptosporidium biology and potential therapy development – we’ve put one of the major pieces of the jigsaw in place.”

“This breakthrough in understanding the molecular biology of the organism will help to lay the foundations for other related research which in turn could lead to the development of a vaccine for cryptosporidium,” said Dr Lowery.

The UU led research involved international collaborations between leading scientists from the University of Albany in New York (Dr Qishan Lin), Belfast City Hospital (Dr John E. Moore, and, Dr B. Cherie Millar) and the Istituto Superiore di Sanità in Rome (Dr Fabio Tosini and Dr Edoardo Pozio).

Dr William Snelling, the group’s postdoctoral researcher, said they have already identified a number of potential targets for the development of vaccines and chemotherapies, which could be used to improve the treatment of infected patients.

Although there has been an increase in the number of cryptosporidiosis outbreaks recorded in developed countries in recent years, it is still largely underreported which makes it difficult to assess its true impact. The largest cryptosporidium outbreak was in 1993 in the US when 403,000 people were infected through contaminated drinking water in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The total cost associated with this outbreak was estimated at $96 million: $ 31 million in medical costs and $64 million in productivity losses.

Because of the huge economic and human costs associated with cryptosporidium, the UU research has already generated a lot of interest.

Dr James Dooley, Senior Lecturer and cryptosporidium research group leader, said: “The quality and impact of our study has been recognized by Dr Mark Heiges, from the University of Georgia, Athens, who will represent our analysis in CryptoDB (http://cryptodb.org), the prominent global community resource for scientists studying Cryptosporidium genomics”.

This research has been invited for presentation at the Annual International Cryptosporidium and Giardia research conference, which is to be held in Mexico in May 2007.

Something in the water

How safe is your drinking-water? Warning - this report may leave an unpleasant taste in your mouth!
  • In 2005 102,000 people were served by registered supplies with water containing unacceptable levels of E. coli.
  • 84,000 were exposed to greater risk of disease as the supplier did not take immediate steps to correct the problem once E. coli was found.
  • In 111 schools the water supply was contaminated with E. coli during 2005.
These are just three of the findings of the Ministry of Health's Annual Review of the Microbiological and Chemical Quality of Drinking Water in New Zealand. The document covers the 2005 year and was published on 30 January 2007.

The review measures water quality against the Drinking Water Standards for New Zealand: 2000.

Keep reading here

Innovative new on-line particle sensor

Analytical Technology (ATi) has introduced the innovative laser-based C10/77 Particle Sensor, for the continuous on-line monitoring of particle counts in raw water, filter influent and filter effluent

Analytical Technology (ATi) has introduced the innovative new C10/77 Particle Sensor, for the continuous on-line monitoring of particle counts in raw water, filter influent and filter effluent.

Based on a laser light blocking principle, this novel sensor can provide particle count data over size ranges from two to 200 microns, with three 4-20 mA analogue outputs and an RS-232/485 digital output supplied as standard. ATi currently has over 75 of these monitors working in various water companies in the UK.

Turbidity monitoring of filtered potable water provides an excellent indicator of water clarity as well as a reliable measure of general filter efficacy.

Keep Reading Here.

Asahi Kasei's Microza Hollow Fiber Filter Membrane Technology Chosen for US Waterworks

The Microza™ hollow-fiber membrane filtration system has been selected for a new waterworks facility to serve the metropolitan area of Minneapolis, Minnesota, with full-capacity operation scheduled to begin in January 2011. Located in Fridley, the plant will have a water treatment capacity of 360 thousand m3/day. This will make it one of the largest drinking water plants in the US, and among the largest plants anywhere to utilize a pressurized membrane filtration system for water purification. Selection was concluded after extensive testing and evaluation by the Minneapolis Water Works, confirming the outstanding performance of the Microza™ system.

Membrane filtration offers many advantages over conventional water treatment by sedimentation and sand filtration, notably the ability to efficiently and reliably achieve high rates of removal of pathogenic microorganisms such as cryptosporidium. With stringent regulations for removal of cryptosporidium from drinking water supplies scheduled to come into effect in the US, the adoption of large-scale membrane filtration systems for water treatment is projected to grow substantially.

Keep reading

EPA Awards $5 Million in Safe Drinking Water Grants

10 universities received grants from EPA for research to develop better methods for detecting harmful organisms in drinking water, including viruses, bacteria and protozoa. The grants, awarded through EPA's Science to Achieve Results (STAR) research grants program, are aimed at ensuring that the United States has the safest drinking water in the world.

"These five million dollars in grant money are an example of how EPA puts science to work to protect human health," said Dr. George Gray, EPA's assistant administrator for research and development.

Every year, there are cases of gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses in the United States associated with drinking water. EPA's sponsored research will result in faster and more sensitive tests for local drinking water facilities to use in detecting pathogens. The sooner a contaminant is identified, the faster a facility can act to contain the problem, and thereby reduce any health risks to the public.

Keep reading here.

Bosses at camp apologise over bug

A Nottinghamshire holiday camp has apologised after dozens of people were taken ill at the site last year.

About 30 visitors to Center Parcs in Sherwood Forest reported symptoms of diarrhoea and vomiting in November.

A spokesman said the outbreak was "an isolated incident" and that only a small number of the 4,000 clients who visited at that time were affected.

Health officers said the problem was probably caused by Cryptosporidium - a parasite spread through faeces.

Keep reading here.

OR city challenges EPA Crypto mandates

PORTLAND, OR – The Portland Water Bureau (PWB) has filed a petition with the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia stating that requirements in the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) final Long-Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule pertaining to Cryptosporidium are illegal and should be vacated, the American Water Works Association's WaterWeek reported December 28.

The EPA rule requires unfiltered systems to treat source waters for Cryptosporidium and to cover finished water reservoirs or treat their effluent for the pathogen, according to the article.

Portland officials assert in the court brief that the EPA failed to meet key legal and evidentiary requirements to support the Crypto mandates and that neither of the requirements is justified by relevant risk data, the article noted.

Keep reading here

Pure H2O Bio-Technologies, Inc. Announces Testing Results For New Microbial Drinking Water Contaminant Disinfectant

12/6/2006 Boca Raton, FL — Pure H2O Bio-Technologies, Inc. recently announced the results from three successful studies focused on potable water disinfection treatment for two major microbial threats to human health. The microorganisms, Escherichia coli (bacterium) and Cryptosporidium parvum (protozoan parasite of humans), were responsible for 9,877 and 7,212 human cases, respectively, during 2005 according to a March 2006 American Waterworks Association review article by P. Rochelle and J. Clancy. Testing conducted for Pure H2O Bio-Technologies, Inc., by Clancy Environmental Consultants, Inc. showed that activated tetrasilver tetraoxide (TTO) was effective as a disinfectant for both organisms. TTO is a unique divalent silver compound, which is produced in a crystalline form, with disinfectant properties superior to the common forms of silver.
 
Joseph P. Doxey, president of Pure H2O Bio-Technologies, Inc. said: "The results show that the company can use this disinfectant as an alternative to those which are in current municipal and commercial use for drinking water treatment. Moreover, these studies on tetrasilver tetraoxide (patent pending) reported on July 1, 2005, Sept. 8, 2006 and October 25, 2006, respectively, are significant because Cryptosporidium oocysts are resistant to halogens such as chlorine and this pathogen has been known to escape state-of-the-art municipal water treatment systems and result in many human health outbreaks. E. coli although more easily disinfected, also has special significance as a waterborne and foodborne pathogen involved in recent outbreaks."

Keep reading here.


City's water supply untainted



While millions of people in the Lower Mainland were forced to boil their drinking water last week, Campbell River had the cleanest water in the province.

Stormy weather washed dirt and debris into Lower Mainland reservoirs, causing brown and polluted water. Some Island communities, including the Comox Valley, were also affected.

However, Campbell River’s water was crystal clear.

“We had great water quality all through the rain storms,” said Jennifer Brunn, the city’s water specialist.

Keep reading here

How we coped when water turned muddy

With the boil-water advisory still in effect in Vancouver, Burnaby and the North Shore, stores are being stormed by people looking for water treatment systems. But consumers need to look around to determine what's best for their health and their pocketbook.

The cheapest solution is boiling water, and that means a rolling boil for at least one minute, Vancouver Coastal Health's manager of health protection, Richard Taki, said in an interview.

But boiled water tastes pretty flat so Taki suggests letting it cool and then transferring the water back and forth between containers to give it some flavour.

Keep Reading

Reclaimed water usage is a bad idea

Do not drink from the toilet to the tap, citizens of West Palm Beach.

One decade has passed by with no improvements in the quality of recycled sewage water called reuse.

The Palm Beach County Department of Health made Boca Raton put up 50 signs at Mizner Park. There is one left today and it is unreadable. Signs were at all entrances at Mizner Park, and most signs throughout the city are in complete disarray. But now the Florida Department of Environmental Protection is going to let the city of West Palm Beach use recycled sewage water (reuse) for indirect potable reuse; in other words, FDEP is going to let people drink the water, bathe in it, shower, wash hands and face in this water. This will be a first for the state of Florida, and you can imagine FDEP protecting the public health from this indirect potable reuse when they can't control signs.

keep reading

Demand for water reuse membranes growing

WARRENDALE, PA – As the popularity of recycled water continues to grow, the demand for membrane treatment technology for reuse applications is also increasing, according to a recent report by Siemens Water Technologies.

In the report, Chuck Gordon, executive vice president of Siemens Water Technologies Systems Unit, said membranes which have traditionally been used in drinking water applications are now "increasingly being used for water reuse in areas where potable water is scarce or in industries that need a reliable, high quality water source."

Membranes offer several advantages over conventional water recycling systems, including a lower life cycle cost, a smaller system footprint and greater removal of bacteria such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia, according to the release.

Keep reading

Battle over bottled water

Bottled water is increasingly the top choice of young people who have grown up unscrewing a cap instead of opening a tap for drinking water.

That’s a misguided, costly and wasteful attitude, says Port Coquitlam Mayor Scott Young, who chairs the Greater Vancouver Regional District’s water committee.

“Many of us complain about the price of gasoline,” he said. “But on a litre-to-litre basis you’re paying more for bottled water. And it’s completely unnecessary.”

The GVRD is planning a campaign to promote tap water and swim upstream against what has been a triumph of marketing for water bottlers.

Canadian sales of bottled water climbed 17 per cent last year.

Critics say the bottled water industry is profiting by subtly fostering the belief tap water is unsafe or undesirable.

Young said many young people he’s talked to see bottled water as the main source of drinking water.

“We find that somewhat troubling,” he said. “We have the very best drinking water in the world.”

Keep reading here

Davenport preparing for another boil order

Davenport's 200 residents will be under another boil order this winter, as the North Coast community waits for state loans and grants to come through to improve its water system.

But county supervisors could come to the rescue for a second year, as the board today will consider providing bottled water to homes, businesses and the community's one school to get them through the rainy season.

"It seems to me absolutely clear that we have to continue providing drinking water," said county Supervisor Mardi Wormhoudt, whose district includes the former whaling village. "You can't expect a whole town to somehow be told it's going to boil its water and that's that."

Read the rest here.

Pool closed

Another pool closed.
Falcon Ridge Middle School in Apple Valley will not use its swimming pool for the next three weeks because of an earlier outbreak of cryptosporidium. While swim teams have used the pool since re-opening, the school's physical education classes will not use the pools as a precautionary measure, principal Noel Mehus said.
From http://www.twincities.com/mld/twincities/living/15775863.htm

Six school pools closed after students sickened


"School officials closed six middle-school pools in the Rosemount-Apple Valley-Eagan School District on Tuesday, pending a Minnesota Department of Health investigation into a parasitic infection that has sickened students.

Two members of a community swim team have been confirmed with cryptosporidiosis recently and another 16 students in elementary and middle school have reported illnesses that indicate infections, said Dr. Joni Scheftel, an epidemiologist at the Health Department.

Symptoms can include diarrhea, cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever, fatigue and weight loss, and can last as long as two weeks.

The illnesses, which began about Sept. 28, were reported late Monday afternoon to the Health Department, Scheftel said.

Swim team members used various pools, but it was too early to identify the source of the infections, she said.

The department had urged the closing of pools at Falcon Ridge, Blackhawk and Dakota Hills middle schools, but school officials closed all six used by middle-school students, she said."

More after the Jump

S.D. officials warn about intestinal illness

Pierre - A significant number of outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis, an intestinal illness causing stomach cramps and diarrhea, has health officials urging South Dakotans to practice good personal hygiene. Through September, 86 cases have been reported in 23 South Dakota counties, compared to 31 cases for all of last year.

"Good hand-washing is the single most important thing people can to do to prevent the spread of not only cryptosporidiosis, but other diarrheal illnesses as well," said Secretary of Health Doneen Hollingsworth.

Hand-washing is especially important after using the toilet, changing diapers, gardening, handling pets or other animals, caring for infected persons, and before handling or eating food.

Cryptosporidiosis is caused by a microscopic parasite called cryptosporidium. People become infected by drinking water or eating food contaminated by the parasite. Infection is also transmitted through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or stools of infected animals or humans.

More after the jump.

Microbes, as a target

Scientists are developing biosensors that can find and identify bacteria, such as E. coli, faster and cheaper — maybe even at home.

OUR world is teeming with tiny bacteria, most of them utterly safe for us to swallow. A few, however, are anything but — such as E. coli O157:H7, at the root of the recent spinach illness outbreak; or salmonella, which is the reason we are told to avoid raw eggs; or Listeria monocytogenes, a troublesome microbe with a fondness for growing on soft cheese and luncheon meats.

"Washing produce with water is one of the most effective methods of removing unwanted bacteria," says food microbiologist Scott Martin of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. "The problem is you can't remove all of them."

To improve another line of defense, microbiologists and bioengineers are working hard to develop biosensors that can detect and identify different species of bacteria in food.

Read more here.

Health Authority asks to protect water supply

Wednesday, 04 October 2006
BY ANDRU MCCRACKEN
Robson Valley Times

The Northern Health Authority is asking Valemount to upgrade its water system to be able to guard against cryptosporidium. Bruce Gaunt, the man in charge of drinking water with the health authority, wants the village to take the next step in water treatment.

“Despite the good quality of the water source, almost firsthand from the mountain, there is a risk of waterborne protozoa. Giardia is one that has been well identified. There is another one called cryptosporidium,” said Gaunt.

Gaunt said that Valemount suffered an outbreak of giardia in 1996. However the present system doesn’t guard against cryptosporidium.

He said that Valemount has done some work in preparation for the outbreak, now he’s asking them to take the next step.

Cryptosporidium is resistant to chlorination and it is only in recent years that there are treatments that can eliminate it. Continue Reading...

Two more cases of crypto confirmed

September 29, 2006
Lawrence Journal-World (KS)
George Diepenbrock
http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2006/sep/29/two_more_cases_crypto_confirmed/?city_local

The diseases are pesky, and new cases are still cropping up.

Area health experts warn residents to wash their hands and follow other advice to stay healthy.

The Lawrence-Douglas County Health Department reported two more confirmed cases of cryptosporidiosis Thursday.

The new cases involve adults with no connection to child care facilities, and health officials are not sure how they may have contracted the disease.

“It’s really hard to tell at this point. We just know that they were isolated,” said Sheryl Tirol Goodwin, a health department spokeswoman.

The county now has nine cases of cryptosporidiosis and eight of giardiasis. Most are toddlers and children. Three people have had both diseases.

Parasites cryptosporidium and giardia, spread by fecal-oral contact, can cause diarrhea and other symptoms.

Some of the first cases in August were children and staff members concentrated at a Lawrence day care center. Health experts have found no connection to swimming pools in the county.
Continue Reading...

Crypto found in CA play fountains

SAN JOSE, CA – The Santa Clara County Public Health Department is monitoring interactive play fountains around the county after seven children were infected by a Cryptosporidium parasite while playing in a fountain at Plaza de Cesar Chavez, according to an article in The Mercury News.

The Plaza de Cesar Chavez fountain and another fountain in McEnery Park have been shut off, and city officials are expected to meet this week with representatives from the county to review filtration systems for removing bacteria from the water, the story said.

Interactive fountains, which are designed for water play, continuously recirculate water through a series of jets, increasing the opportunity for contaminants to build up, the report noted.

Unlike public pools, hot tubs, spas and water parks, interactive fountains are not monitored by health officials for proper chlorination, according to the article.

To read the full article, click here.

What is Cryptosporidium?

Cryptosporidium parvum (also known as "Crypto") is a parasite that is too small to be seen with the naked eye. It is found in water and food sources contaminated with the feces of infected humans, cattle, and other mammals. The infectious form of the parasite, known as an ìoocyst, it is highly resistant to the levels of chlorine normally found in drinking water and swimming pools.

Cryptosporidium Class Action

Marler Clark filed a class action lawsuit against the New York Office of State Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation on behalf of over nearly 4,000 people who became ill with Cryptosporidiosis after visiting the Sprayground at Seneca Lake State Park in June, July, and August, 2005.  The Class was recently certified.

The New York State Health Department shut down the Sprayground on August 15 after it was determined that the Sprayground’s water holding tanks, which were used to recycle water, were contaminated with Cryptosporidium.


Checks in works for risky fountains

KIDS' OUTBREAK PUTS SITES ON LIST FOR MONITORING

By Joyce Chen
Mercury News

Santa Clara County health officials said Thursday that they have identified all the interactive fountains in the county for the first time and will take steps to monitor their water to prevent disease outbreaks.

The action came after seven children were infected by a microscopic parasite while playing in a popular fountain at Plaza de Cesar Chavez in downtown San Jose. Tests on the water found Cryptosporidium, which causes nausea, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal distress.

City officials immediately shut off the fountain and closed another, in McEnery Park, as a precautionary measure.

Both work by running the same water through the jets over and over, increasing the chance that Cryptosporidium and other contaminants from human and animal feces will build up. City and county officials will meet next week to review filtration systems that would remove the parasite and other dangerous microbes, according to Ed Bautista, a spokesman for the city parks and recreation department.

Continue Reading...

From www.scienceblog.com

Flies implicated as vector for Cryptosporidium

There's yet another good reason to keep flies off your food: Both houseflies and filth flies can transmit cryptosporidiosis, and better fly control is one key to decreasing the risk of this disease, Dr. Thaddeus Graczyk reported at the annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic diarrheal disease, and children, travelers to foreign countries, and immunocompromised individuals can be at particular risk. Large waterborne outbreaks have occurred in several U.S. cities.

Continue Reading...

HEALTH OFFICIALS SCRUTINIZE FOUNTAINS

September 2, 2006

Knight-Ridder Tribune
James Hohmann, San Jose Mercury News, Calif.

Health officials across the Bay Area acknowledged Friday that public fountains are not inspected for the dangerous microbes that sickened at least seven people who played in the water at San Jose's Plaza de Cesar Chavez. In fact, they said, they d on't even know where all those fountains are.

A day after San Jose announced the closure of the popular downtown water feature because the city cannot assure its safety, it became clear that dozens of fountains in at least four counties are also falling through the regulatory cracks. And officials promised to move swiftly to close the gap -- although it is not clear what they need to do or how long it will take.

Health officials have long known of the danger of Cryptosporidium -- a parasite that sickened seven children who played in the plaza fountain this summer -- in public swimming pools, and those bodies of water are subject to inspection. But fountains are n ot -- even though the new generation of interactive fountains, like the one at the plaza, invite water play.


Continue Reading...

WARNING OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OUTBREAK AT LOCAL POOL

August 30, 2006
9News.com (Denver, CO)
Jeffrey Wolf

LONE TREE - The Tri-County Health Department is warning people of an outbreak of a bacterium called Cryptosporidium that may be from a pool at the Lone Tree Recreation Center.

The pool was closed because 12 people who went to a birthday party at the center last week came down with diarrhea and stomach cramps, which are symptoms of Cryptosporidium or "Crypto."

There are three confirmed cases of Crypto.

The Tri-County Health Department collected samples from the pool Wednesday morning and the pool workers spent the day chlorinating the pool.

"We want to be precautionary, protect the public, do what we can to be proactive, if there is anything in the pool," said Marc Heirschberg with South Suburban Pools and Recreation.

Authorities plan to reopen the Lone Tree pool Thursday.

The Tri-County Health Department says if your children are experiencing symptoms of Crypto you should not let them go to a pool, school or daycare.

14 PEOPLE SICKENED AFTER PLAYING IN DOWNTOWN S.J. FOUNTAIN

August 31, 2006
San Jose Mercury News (CA)

San Jose has shut down the fountain at the Plaza de Cesar Chavez because health officials suspect as many as 14 people became sick after playing in the water there.

A news release from the city says the fountain ``was the common denominator'' for five confirmed cases of a cryptosporidium infection and eight to nine unconfirmed cases of salmonella. Both are transmitted by contaminated food or water.

The fountain was closed effective Friday and will remain closed until ``health and safety concerns are addressed,'' according to the release.

Local health officials are conducting tests of the fountain water.

Cryptosporidium test results are expected by Friday.

Cryptosporidium is a parasite and salmonella is a bacteria. Both cause flu-like symptoms including diarrhea, nausea, fever and headache.

City officials say the sand filtration and sanitation systems and manual application of cleansing chemicals are ineffective for preventing both cryptosporidium and salmonella. They are developing recommendations to modify the system in order to ``minimize or eliminate'' outbreaks in the future.

19 people diagnosed with cryptosporidium

August 28, 2006
Associated Press

GILLETTE, Wyo. - At least 19 people have now been diagnosed with the parasite cryptosporidium in Campbell and Crook counties, a nearly fourfold increase over the past week.

The parasite causes diarrhea. Outbreaks often are linked to swimming pools and water parks, and the parasite can survive for days even in chlorinated swimming pools.

Last year, only three cases were reported in all of Wyoming, according to Kim Deti, spokeswoman for the Wyoming Department of Health.

Continue Reading...

Cryptosporidium Outbreak: Six Flags water park expected to reopen August 20

August 20, 2006
Daily Herald (IL)
Joseph Ryan

Six Flags Great America's Hurricane Harbor water park in Gurnee was shut down by the state Friday and Saturday after reports of an intestinal illness in four attendees.

Six Flags hoped to have the water park, which includes 26 slides, wave pools, water playgrounds and river raft rides, re-open today after increased chlorination and follow-up testing.

The Illinois Department of Public Health asked Six Flags to close off the water park following the confirmation that two attendees had cryptosporidiosis, which causes vomiting, diarrhea and death in extreme cases.

The disease is caused by microscopic parasites, and is one of the most common waterborne illnesses in the U.S. The parasites are resistant to chlorine.

Continue Reading...

Six Flags closes water park on news of illness

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (WI)
Mark Johnson

Six Flags Great America's year-old water park, Hurricane Harbor, was closed this weekend after two Wisconsin youths were sickened with the parasite Cryptosporidium and two more were sick and waiting to learn if they have the same illness.

All of the youths, one from Appleton, the others from Door County, had visited the Gurnee, Ill., attraction on Aug. 7.

"What's unknown is whether they came to the park infected with Cryptosporidium or whether they got it here," said Mark Pfister, associate director of environmental health for the Lake County, Ill., Health Department.

The water-borne parasite spreads the disease, cryptosporidiosis, marked by diarrhea, stomach cramps and fever. The symptoms appear after the parasite has been ingested and has incubated for about a week.

Continue Reading...

Another Spraypark Cryptopsoridium Outbreak

Two sprayparks in Clay County, Missouri are the source of an ongoing Cryptosporidium outbreak, according to health officials.

Marler Clark represents hundreds of people in litigation resulting from a Cryptosporidium outbreak in central New York last summer (visit www.marlerclark.com for more informtation).

Here's an article from today's Kansas City Star on the current outbreak:

Clay County confirms seven cases of contagious illness

17.aug.06
Kansas City Star
Lindsay Hanson Metcalf

Seven cases of an intestinal parasite have been confirmed in Clay County, officials said today.

Clay County Public Health officials said they were notifying area schools and health- and child-care providers about the presence of Cryptosporidium, a parasite that causes diarrhea. An additional six cases among family members were probable, they said

Continue Reading...

Spraypark still closed

8/14/2006 6:00 PM
(WROC-TV)

It was one year ago this week when a bacterial contamination forced the spraypark at the Seneca Lake State Park to shut down. The park's been closed every since and state officials tell News 8, they don't know when it will open.

Last summer cryptosporidium sickened more than 3,000 people. As a result, a new ultraviolet water disinfection and filtration system was installed but "kinks" in the system have delayed the park's reopening this summer.

Spray park officials say they still hope to open before the season ends in September.

Spray Park Remains Closed

(Geneva, N.Y.) - An Ontario County spray park that shut down last year after thousands became sick from contaminated water will not reopen this week as planned.

The Seneca Lake State Park Sprayground has installed ultraviolet lights to kill bacteria that infected visitors. The system has not been tested.

Officials hope to complete testing this week and reopen the park by the end of August.

Two Cases of Cryptosporidium in Douglas County

Posted:8/11/2006 5:19:04 PM
Modified:8/11/2006 6:43:53 PM

LAWRENCE, KAN. - The Lawrence-Douglas County Health Department is reporting two cases of cryptosporidium in a child care facility in Douglas County. Crypto is a disease that causes diarrhea because of a microscopic parasite which can live in the intestine of humans and animals. Families of the children attending this child care facility have been notified and are receiving information about the disease with recommendations to contact their doctor if symptoms develop.

Continue Reading...

Bug of the Month: Cryptosporidium Infection / Cryptosporidiosis

Cryptosporidium Infection
Cryptosporidiosis (KRIP-toe-spo-rid-ee-OH-sis)

What is cryptosporidiosis?

Cryptosporidiosis is a diarrheal disease caused by microscopic parasites of
the genus Cryptosporidium. Once an animal or person is infected, the
parasite lives in the intestine and passes in the stool. The parasite is
protected by an outer shell that allows chlorine based disinfectants. Both
the disease and the parasite are commonly known as "crypto".
During the past two decades, crypto has become recognized as one of the most
common causes of waterborne disease within humans in the United States. The
parasite may be found in drinking water and recreational water in every
region of the United States and throughout the world.

Continue Reading...

Lake Erie Water Danger

Dated: 08/03/2006

Lake Erie swimmers are finding more and more signs popping up on the beach warning of unsafe water. The Ohio Environmental Council says the bacteria levels have gotten out of control and something has to be done.

Already this summer at Camp Perry Beach, which is just a few miles West of Port Clinton, nine warning signs have been put up that the water isn't safe.

"It's very important for residents to know because you're swimming in raw sewage," said David Celebrezze, Ohio Environmental Council. "Some of this bacteria includes E.Coli, Hepatitis A, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia. They're parasites and bacteria and can be very harmful to us."

Celebrezze says the parasites and bacteria are coming from combined sewage overflow.

Continue Reading...

Staying healthy at the pool

BRADLEY WAKOFF / bwakoff@greeleytribune.com
Emma Schmautz
August 8, 2006

Michelle Harper, 36, of Greeley was 5 when she began spending Colorado's hot summer days swimming at Greeley's Centennial Pool.

Now, 31 years later, Centennial pool lost its high dive but gained a giant green slide and expanded to include a larger pool and children's splash area.

Continue Reading...

Public swimming areas have cleanliness rules for a reason

By Elizabeth Neff
The Salt Lake Tribune

Shirleen Tingey, a lab technician, analyst, and sampler for Davis County's Health Department in Farmington, looks for bacteria Friday in samples of pool water. (Trent Nelson/The Salt Lake Tribune )

In his years helping to police water quality in Davis County pools, Delane McGarvey has seen changes for the better.

Since the mid-1990s the state has required public pools to have certified operators - a measure that includes mandatory water safety testing, training and record keeping.

Even so, McGarvey says the county closed a record number of pools last year due to water standard violations. In 2005, 78 pools were closed, well above annual numbers in the 20s in years past.

A Salt Lake Tribune review of Davis County pool water inspection records from the past 18 months shows the best water quality is at public pools and swim schools, where just over one-quarter of facilities had water quality violations.

Continue Reading...

Cryptosporidium outbreak in Missoula

10.aug.06

Missoula Missoulian (MT)

MISSOULA - Six confirmed cryptosporidium cases - two of them more epidemiologically linked - have been received by the Missoula City-County Health Department during the last week and a half.

Crypto is a diarrheal disease caused by a microscopic parasite similar to Giardia. Once an animal or person is infected the parasite lives in the intestine and passes in the stool.

The eight Missoula crypto cases have been exposed to many different recreational water sources during the 2 to 12 days prior to their onset of illness. The health department has been unable to identify a single common source.

The parasite is protected by a tough outer shell that allows it to survive outside the body for long periods of time and makes it very resistant to chlorine-based disinfectants meaning it can survive for days even in swimming pools with adequate chlorine levels. The chlorine levels continue to be effective against bacteria and viruses including norovirus.

Continue Reading...

Unclean pools prove hazardous

By ELIZABETH NEFF and CAREY HAMILTON
Salt Lake Tribune

In triple-digit temperatures, there are few things more appealing than a dip in a crystal-clear pool.

Focused on cooling down and keeping the kids occupied for a few hours, many don't think twice about skipping the showers and just jumping in. But federal health officials say they should -- the spread of recreational water illnesses is on the rise nationally.

Most recreational water illnesses enter water through fecal matter, and spread through contact or swallowing contaminated water.

Exposure to the five most common bugs -- cryptosporidium, E-coli, giardia, shigella and Hepatitis A -- usually results in diarrhea, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). But it can also mean skin rashes and ear or respiratory infections.

Continue Reading...

Swimming with germs?

No laws regulate cleanliness of Tuscaloosa County's public pools

By Lydia Seabol
Staff Writer

July 27, 2006

TUSCALOOSA | On a sweltering day, it's not likely that many swimmers think about what germs lurk in public pools before taking the plunge.

Perhaps they should.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, recreational water illnesses can spread quickly in swimming pools that aren't properly maintained.

Serious diseases caused by such bacteria as cryptospordidum, giardia, E. coli and shigella can be contracted by ingesting water contaminated with fecal matter. While symptoms can be as minor as diarrhea or skin, ear or eye infections, these illnesses can be fatal in people with weak immune systems.

Continue Reading...

Seneca Lake Spray Park Cryptosporidium Outbreak Litigation Update

The Judge in the Court of Claims recently certified the Cryptosporidium case against the State of New York as a class action. This order officially turns the case into a class action. The certification of the class is a big help in terms of getting the state to deal with these claims. The class members include all those who are existing Marler Clark, Underberg & Kessler, or Dreyer Boyajian clients and have filed a claim against the State. The Judge has also indicated that the Class can be expanded to include others who now come forward and follow the procedures necessary to making a Cryptosporidium claim against the State. Individuals who wish to join the class should contact Marler Clark at marler@marlerclark.com or toll-free at (866) 770-2032.

We are in the process of requesting information from the State concerning the Spray Park in an effort to demonstrate what we believe was the State's obvious negligence in failing to have adequate protections against Cryptosporidia. At the same time, we are assembling basic information about all class members to share with the State in order to establish a basis for compensation. While it is too early to know what course the class action will follow, our goal is to reach a negotiated resolution with the State for monetary compensation for our clients.

Class action status granted in Spraypark case

Ruling allows victims of 2005 Cryptosporidium outbreak at Seneca Lake State Park to join class action lawsuit against State of New York

ROCHESTER, NY (July 14, 2006) -- A class action lawsuit filed against the State of New York Department of Parks, Recreation, and Historical Preservation was certified today. The class certification ruling allows all persons who became ill with Cryptosporidiosis and/or were otherwise damaged as a result of the Cryptosporidium outbreak at the Seneca Lake State Park Spraypark in 2005 to join the class and receive compensation for their injuries and economic damages. Attorneys from Marler Clark, Underberg & Kessler, and Dreyer Boyajian filed the motion requesting certification of the class in December.

"We are very pleased that the Judge ruled in favor of certifying the class action," said Paul Nunes, a partner in Underberg & Kessler. "This decision allows people who have not already filed claims to join the action now. We encourage those who have not yet filed a claim to contact us so they can become part of the class."

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Pool maintenance, healthy swimming can protect against water illnesses

July 7, 2006
By Mary Jimenez
maryjimenez@gannett.com

As a second-generation lifeguard at Fair Grounds Pool, Jewell Gill never worries about the safety of the water in the city facility.

"Coach (Glenn) Payne checks the chemicals every day. And if they aren't just right, he adds what he needs to," said the 19-year-old who learned at age 3 to swim in the pool where her mom worked as a lifeguard. "I've never worried."

A patron raised the issues of maintenance and cleanliness at Fair Grounds Pool.

But while most people would not want to swim in a pool that appears dirty, that doesn't necessarily mean it's unsanitary, says the supervisor for Shreveport Public Assembly and Recreation pools.

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Spraypark opening delayed

Wednesday, July 05, 2006
By CRAIG FOX
Finger Lakes Times

GENEVA - It's going to be a few more weeks before the spraypark at Seneca Lake State Park reopens.

It's taking state Park, Recreation and Historic Preservation work crews longer than expected to install new filtration and ultraviolet systems designed to prevent a recurrence of last summer's gastrointestinal outbreak.

The delay is being caused by a few engineering changes to the new systems and getting the state Health Department to sign off on the changes, Gibson said.

The Health Department must also test "every piece of new equipment" in the system and make sure they work properly before the park reopens, Gibson said.

"We're taking it day by day," Gibson said.

The equipment is required under a set of state Health Department regulations put into place after several thousand park visitors became sick last summer.

The Health Department determined the illness was cryptosporidius, caused by a microscopic parasite and spread through human feces. The sprayground was closed in mid-August.

The improvements -- designed to deactivate any micro-bacterial organisms that form in the sprayground's water supply -- began in March and were expected to be completed by early this month.

But state parks spokeswoman Wendy Gibson said this morning the hope now is to get the spraypark open by the end of the month.

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Spraypark Poised To Reopen

by Seth Voorhees
Published Jun 22, 2006

An Ontario County spray park where more than 4,000 people became ill last summer is preparing to reopen.

The spray park at Seneca Lake State Park shut down in August, after an outbreak of cryptosporidium.

Changes being made this year include an expanded filtration system, and an ultra-violet water treatment system.

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Health Officials Prep To Stop Summer Pool Parasites

About 800 Crypto Cases In 2005, Officials Say

June 16, 2006
ChannelCincinnati.com

CINCINNATI -- Crypto cases caused hundreds of TriSstate kids to become sick in 2005. This year, however, local pools aren't taking any chances when it comes to dealing with the waterborne disease, News 5 reported.

The parasite, called Cryptosporidium, affected about 800 kids in the area in 2005, according to health officials.

"Last year was extremely scary," said parent Donna West. "We actually stayed away."

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Some germs in pool resist chlorine

By LIBBY KEELING, Health Scope
The Courier & Press

June 12, 2006

Please don't put "the P" in our "...ool."

Those words sent me into fits of giggles the first time I saw them on a strategically placed sign at the neighborhood swimming pool when I was a youngster.

But swimming hygiene and waterborne illnesses really aren't laughing matters.

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Town pool cleans up for swimmers

By: Mitchell Trinka, Staff Reporter

06/09/2006

At the end of July last year the town pool was closed due to illnesses caused by two organisms, Cryptosporidium and Giardia. This weekend the town pool will open for weekends only until June 17 and then full time until Labor Day.

According to Warren McMillan, recreation and parks director, the discovery of the parasites, that when ingested affect the intestinal tract, prompted the closing of the pool after discussions with the Department of Health. Children and some parents reported nausea, diarrhea, and weight loss.

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Spraypark reopens with 'don't drink the water' warnings

CanWest News Service

Published: Saturday, June 10, 2006

ROCHESTER, N.Y. I The spraypark whose water sickened at least 3,800 people last summer -- in one of America's largest parasitic outbreaks in years -- will reopen this summer with a new filtration system and posted warnings telling people not to drink the water.

The Seneca Lake State Park spraypark will open around the end of June or beginning of July, said Wendy Gibson, spokeswoman for the New York state Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.

Under new state regulations, the spraypark will have an ultraviolet filtration system designed to kill parasites like the one that got into the spraypark's recycled water system last year. The former filtration system couldn't handle the cryptosporidium that sickened people.

James Rowen: Water woes should be a wake-up call

By James Rowen

The Capital Times


The news about dangerous levels of manganese and other contaminants in the city of Madison's drinking water showed that what had been taken for granted -- in this case, the capital city's purportedly pure well water -- has been allowed to slip.

Wisconsin had long been a leader in water quality and environmental protection. It had been recognized as a Great Lakes steward that had produced pioneers like Aldo Leopold and Gaylord Nelson, as well as cutting-edge water protection law.

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Swimming Safety Tips From Local Health Officials

6/5/2006
Eyewitness News Memphis

Now that most municipal and public swimming pools are open, it's officially swimming season in the Mid-South. Here are some safety tips for your family from the Memphis and Shelby County Health Department.

To prevent drowning: -Always have an adult supervise children when they are swimming or playing in the water.
-Never swim alone in locations without a lifeguard.
-Never drink alcohol when swimming, boating, water skiing or supervising children.

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Precautionary practices can keep you healthy from pool illnesses

June 6, 2006
49ABCNews.com (KS)
Craig Gold

Our City's Pools are "just what the doctor ordered" in summer heat, but sometimes, trips to the pool can lead to a trip to the doctor shortly after.

Health officials said water is a breeding ground for certain illnesses.

"Some of the diseases that people can contract include Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Shigella," said Mike Heideman, Kansas Department of Health and Environment.

For many, those would be stomach bugs. They're most frequently contracted from swallowing contaminated water.

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Caution urged on Asian oysters

Hopkins study says shellfish could pose health threat to humans

By Tom Pelton
Sun reporter
The Baltimore Sun
Originally published May 26, 2006

A Johns Hopkins study released yesterday has concluded that Asian oysters being considered for introduction into the Chesapeake Bay could pose a health threat because the shellfish are more likely to harbor pathogens that cause intestinal illness.

"These oysters may present a public health threat upon entering the human food chain, if harvested from polluted water," Thaddeus Graczyk, an associate professor at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, wrote in an article published in a scientific journal.

The species, native to the China coast, could also have a positive impact on the bay, the study found. The oysters would probably improve water quality because they are better at filtering out pollution and grow faster than Chesapeake oysters, Graczyk said in an interview.

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Shedding light on water quality

by Susan E. Rice
May 24, 2006
The Chetek Alert

The recent flushing of the water system caught the attention of many Chetek residents, but the practice is standard operating procedure. What is new to Chetek's water treatment is the use of UV light treatments and the city's participation in a study.

In the last few weeks a rumor concerning the city's tap water began circulating. Claims that the city was forgoing chlorine treatments in place of UV light treatments had people questioning the safety of their water.

According to Director of Public Work Dan Knapp, the city of Chetek does not use a chlorine based water treatment system.

"We use chlorine only when we have been working on the lines to eliminate any potential bacteria that may have entered the system during repairs," stated Knapp.

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Fountain off limits to pets, children

Safety is behind policy change at hot weather favorite in Corning.

By LARRY WILSON
Star-Gazette Corning Bureau
May 25, 2006

CORNING - For the first time since Riverfront Centennial Park was developed in 1993, children will be prohibited this year from playing in the park's water fountain.

Corning Inc., which owns the Tioga Avenue park, installed signs Wednesday warning of potentially unsafe water. The signs prohibit running in the fountain area and also ban pets.

Rick Weakland, director of corporate real estate, said an incident last year in which people became sick after visiting a Geneva-area water park led to the company's decision.

"It did cause entities like us with fountains to reconsider how we manage the use of the fountain," he said. "We want to make sure people are aware of the potential risk."

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Corning: Safety first near fountain

By Jeffery Smith
jsmith@the-leader.com

CORNING | Kids can cool off in the Centennial Park Fountain, just as long as they're careful.

Corning Inc. installed signs Wednesday near the fountain cautioning children not to run under or drink the falling water. The sign also restricts pets and children wearing diapers from the fountain area.

"Our intent is not to restrict kids from the fountain," said Kelli Hopp-Michlosky, a Corning Inc. spokesman. "We just don't run. We don't want anyone to get injured."

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Geneva spray park gets makeover after last summer's outbreak

May 24, 2006
WROC8TV.com
Cathy Orosz

The playground at Seneca Lake State Park is the only kids' attraction right now.

That's because the spray park remains dry following last summer's cryptosporidium outbreak.

Debbie Patrick of Geneva hopes her son will soon be able to splash in the water again.

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Kansans Urged to Avoid Illnesses at Swimming Pools, Water Parks and Beaches

May 22, 2006

Kansas City Star

May 22-29 is National Recreational Water Illness Prevention Week

Topeka, Kan. - infoZine - Memorial Day marks the traditional start of recreational water activities in Kansas. Pools, water parks and swimming beaches typically open for business. With these water activities comes the threat of contracting a waterborne illness. The Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) wants Kansans to be aware of the risks and take steps to avoid illness.

Recreational Water Illnesses (RWIs) are spread by swimming in water that has been poorly maintained and is contaminated with chlorine-resistant germs or from run-off to lakes or beaches.

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Wash warning after farm visit

By LET newsdesk

Lancashire folk are being urged to wash hands, wellingtons and pram and pushchair wheels after visiting farms.

It comes from the Health Protection Unit after several cases of the stomach bug, cryptosporidiosis, were detected following recent educational visits to farms.

Dr Ken Lamden, consultant in health protection, said: "Animals, including farm animals, carry a range of organisms and cryptosporidium is just one, but it is particularly common at this time of the year."
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Cryptosporidium causes diarrhoea and abdominal pain, but is not usually serious.

Water pipe work put on fast track

So far, no illness identified

By Lee Sensenbrenner

Madison Mayor Dave Cieslewicz presented a plan this morning that would speed water main replacement and said it was "likely" that Madison Water Utility Director David Denig-Chakroff would get his contract renewed.

Denig-Chakroff appeared with the mayor at a morning press conference responding to concerns about the water utility, among them that some wells in the city are pumping manganese-rich water.

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LA County Aquatics Warns Commercial & Residential Swimming Facilities about Pool Health and Illness

5/11/2006
To: Metro Desk, Health and Features reporters
Contact: LA County Aquatics, 866-966-7665

LOS ANGELES, May 11 /U.S. Newswire/ -- Even the best maintained pools can spread illness. Since 1988, Recreational Water Illnesses (RWIs) connected with swimming pool have been on the rise. Last summer the splashpad-associated outbreak of Crypto affected almost 3,000 people in Seneca Lake, N.Y. In 1998, the waterpark outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 resulted in seven children having kidney failure, and one death.

The week proceeding Memorial Day has been designated as National Recreation Water Illness Prevention Week by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. LA County Aquatics will participate in this year's observance, which takes place May 22 - 29. The focus will be on operation and prevention tips for pool operators and pool patrons to encourage a healthy swimming experience.

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NY rules: UV disinfection at pool "spraygrounds"

Water Technology Daily

05.10.2006

SARATOGA SPRINGS, NY - As municipalities prepare to open public pools for the summer, the New York State Department of Health (DOH) has enacted a regulation that requires recirculated water in recreational pool "spraygrounds" to be treated with ultraviolet (UV) light, according to a May 9 report in The Saratogian.

Last year, the DOH forced small-city wading pools to renovate spraygrounds after an outbreak of Cryptosporidium sickened 1,800 people who had visited Seneca Lake State Park in Geneva, NY, as reported by Water Tech OnlineÆ in August 2005.

Officials in Saratoga Springs said they will not install a separate UV disinfection system at their four sprayground areas, but they plan modifications that will spray fresh, unrecirculated water from the city system, the report said.

Because the water will not recirculate, officials will install replacement nozzles to keep water use down, the report said.

Cryptosporidium causes intestinal illness with symptoms that include diarrhea, abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, fever and headache.

City faces new regulations for spraygrounds

CHRISTOPHER DIAKOPOULOS

The Saratogian

SARATOGA SPRINGS - The Department of Public Works is working to get the city's four "spraygrounds" open for play this year, despite new regulations from the New York State Department of Health requiring an additional water treatment system.

New regulations from the state Department of Health forced the city to close its four wading pools last year and renovate them as spray fountains. But with the outbreak of the bacteria cryptosporidium last summer at Seneca Lake State Park that resulted in more than 1,800 illnesses, the DOH changed the regulations again to include ultraviolet water treatment in addition to the chlorine system the city installed last year.

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Davenport socked by water rate surge - bills to jump

By Gwen Mickelson
Sentinel staff writer
May 5, 2006

DAVENPORT - The proverbial glass is looking half full for Davenport residents and business owners who are struggling to figure out how to find $600,000 to pay for a state-mandated -- but unfunded -- upgrade to the town's water system. Davenport school children are drinking bottled water, restaurants are looking at costly options to get their water supply up to state standards for cooking, washing dishes and serving to customers and residents could see their annual water bill jump by nearly $500 - along with a nearly $250 leap in sewer rates - as the water district gets in line with new state policy.

Davenport's water rates will skyrocket nearly 70 percent this year, the result of a state order issued last year to reduce water turbidity and filter recently-discovered health threats -- microscopic parasites giardia and cryptosporidium, as well as viruses -- from their sources of water. To do so, the Davenport County Sanitation District, a county agency that provides drinking water and sewage treatment in the town, will have to upgrade its system. And it will have to foot the more than half-million-dollar bill -- a steep price tag for an agency with only 100 connections.

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Genome Sequence Reveals Leaner, Meaner Intestinal Parasite

Cryptosporidium parvum -- an insidious, one-celled, waterborne parasite that lodges in the intestines of infected people and animals and for which there is currently no effective treatment -- is missing key structures normally found in similar parasites, say researchers supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), one of the National Institutes of Health. The results of their genome sequencing project, now available in the online issue of Science, could help scientists home in on new drug targets that may lead to therapies for the disease.

C. parvum is an extremely hardy parasite found in water supplies throughout the world, including the United States. In persons with healthy immune systems, symptoms of infection include diarrhea, stomach cramps, upset stomach and fever. For persons with weakened immune systems, however, such as individuals with HIV/AIDS, symptoms may be more severe and can lead to serious or life-threatening illness. Because C. parvum could potentially be used as a bioterrorist agent, the NIAID has classified it as a Category B priority pathogen.

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Which Frenchman Thought of This?

The News-Banner
Opinion
May 1, 2006

Bottled water has always been a puzzle to me. Who came up with this idea? Why do Americans pay the equivalent of about $8 a gallon for something they can usually get for free down the hallway? How can a 12-oz. bottle of plain old water cost the same as or more than a Pepsi?

Can you envision that first entrepreneur approaching a group of investors or his local bank with his idea to take water, put it into 12-oz. plastic bottles, and sell it for $1 or more? Surely some thought he was nuts. But others were apparently smarter than me.

The first bottled water, at least as I recall, was all "natural spring" water or fresh from a "mountain stream." But, as a recent report revealed, much of the bottled water on the market today comes "straight out of the municipal water supply of Detroit."

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Water compliance runneth low

Few public sources keep up with testing regulations
By Dan Stockman

The Three Rivers Filtration Plant has had just one minor violation from the federal Environmental Protection Agency in the past five years.

More than 300,000 people in Allen County depend on clean, safe water coming out of their taps every day for drinking, cooking and cleaning, but only a small minority of public water systems have complied with water testing requirements in the last five years to ensure water quality.

Of the 101 public water sources in Allen County, 75 systems in the last five years have had at least one monitoring or reporting violation, an analysis by The Journal Gazette found. Forty-six systems have had monitoring or reporting violations the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency deems "significant."

Twenty-four systems had health violations, according to the EPA, meaning contaminants in the water posed an imminent health risk.

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Cryptosporidium outbreak linked to interactive water feature, UK: importance of guidelines

Eurosurveillance Monthly Release
volume 11, issue 4 April 2006

M Jones1, D Boccia2,3, M Kealy4, B Salkin5, A Ferrero6, G Nichols3, JM Stuart1

1. Health Protection Agency South West, Stonehouse, United Kingdom

2. European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training

3. Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, London, United Kingdom

4. Peninsula Health ProtectionUnit, Dartigton, United Kingdom

5. Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, United Kingdom

6. East Devon Council, Sidmouth, United Kingdom

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In the swim: Safety measures can sink worries about the water

By Yolanda Perdomo
NYT Regional Newspapers

Warm weather is when everyone heads outdoors - from camping to cookouts, it's hard not to.

And one of the most enjoyable activities is finding a way to cool off -- taking a dip at the beach, in a nearby lake or in the neighborhood pool.

Before jumping in, though, remember that safety comes first.

Approximately 5,000 people drown every year, according to the American Red Cross.

``The real tragic aspect is that many of them could have been prevented,'' said Don Lauritzen, the Red Cross' health and safety expert. Lauritzen recommends several safety steps to avoid accidents and problems associated with water activity:

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Cryptosporidium Attorney

Bill Marler is the managing partner in the law firm Marler Clark L.L.P., P.S. Since 1993, Bill has represented thousands of victims of E. coli, Salmonella, Hepatitis A, Listeria, Shigella, Campylobacter and Norovirus illnesses in over thirty states. As a trial lawyer, Bill has been involved in several cases of national importance. He represented Brianne Kiner in her $15.6 million E. coli settlement with Jack-in-the-Box. This settlement created a Washington State record for an individual personal injury action. Bill resolved several other Jack-in-the-Box E. coli cases for more than $2.5 million each.

In May of 1998, he settled the Odwalla Juice E. coli litigation for the families of children who were severely injured after consuming Odwalla apple juice for a reported $12 million. Bill represented several children in an E. coli outbreak stemming from E. coli-contaminated swimming pool water in Georgia in 1998. In 2001 he successfully tried to verdict an E. coli case involving a school lunch program in Washington State. The jury returned a verdict of $4.75 million. He also resolved dozens of E. coli cases in 2003 related to one of the largest meat recalls in United States. Bill recently settled an E. coli case for a young girl for $11 million. In addition, Bill has been lead counsel in:

Sheetz Salmonella Outbreak Litigation
Chi-Chi's Hepatitis A Outbreak Litigation
Pat & Osacar's E. coli Outbreak Litigation
Chili's Salmonella Outbreak Litigation
And in many more cases . . .
Bill speaks frequently on issues of safe food and has formed Outbreak, Inc., a non-profit business dedicated to training companies on how to avoid foodborne illness outbreaks.

Bill graduated from the Seattle University School of Law in 1987. In 1998 he became the Law School's "Lawyer in Residence." He received undergraduate degrees in Political Science, English and Economics from Washington State University in 1982. While attending WSU, Bill was elected to the Pullman City Council. At 19 years of age he was the youngest person, and first student ever elected. In 1997, Bill received the Distinguished Achievement Award from the WSU College of Liberal Arts. In 1998, Governor Gary Locke appointed Bill to the University Board of Regents. He recently served as President of the Board. He also served on the State Higher Education Coordinating Board.

He has an AV rating from Martindale-Hubbell, and is listed in the Bar Register of Preeminent Attorneys. He is married to Julie Marler and they have three daughters, Morgan, Olivia and Sydney. He is a past board member of the Washington State Trial Lawyers, a member of the board of directors of Bainbridge Youth Services, and a member of the Children's Hospital Circle of Care. He is involved in numerous other civic and political causes.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released a report on April 14 titled, Preliminary FoodNet Data on the Incidence of Infection with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food - 10 States, United States, 2005. FoodNet collects data from 10 U.S. states regarding diseases caused by enteric pathogens transmitted commonly through food. This report describes preliminary surveillance data for 2005 and compares them with baseline data from the period 1996-1998.

In its annual report on the incidence of infections from foodborne pathogens, the CDC noted significant declines in 2005 from the 1996-1998 baseline in illnesses caused by Yersinia (49%), Listeria (32%), Campylobacter (30%), E. coli O157 (29%), and Salmonella (9%). Although Salmonella incidence decreased overall, of the five most common Salmonella serotypes, only the incidence of S. Typhimurium (42%) significantly decreased. The estimated incidence of S. Enteritidis increased 25% and S. Heidelberg increased 25%.

"The release of the 2005 data clearly shows that the reductions in human illness from foodborne pathogens witnessed during the past few years have been sustained. Healthy People 2010 national objectives are close to being met for E. coli O157, Campylobacter and Listeria monocytogenes," stated Under Secretary for Food Safety Dr. Richard Raymond. "FSIS looks forward to continuing its collaboration with the CDC to find better ways to detect and prevent human illness from the foods we regulate."

The report is available on CDC's Web site at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5514.pdf

Cooking mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) by steam does not destroy the infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum

April 2006

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 69, Number 4, April 2006, pp. 948-950(3)
GÛmez-Couso, HipÛlito et al

Abstract:

The consumption of shellfish has increased considerably worldwide, with an associated increase in foodborne illnesses. Among the bivalves, the mussels are usually cooked by steam, which constitutes a typical dish in several regions. In this article, we demonstrate that this preparation is not sufficient to destroy completely the infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum. Oocysts recovered from experimentally contaminated mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were infectious to neonatal mice after cooking. Although, to date, no official cases of cryptosporidiosis linked to shellfish consumption have been reported, we recommend that people with reduced immunity avoid this type of food because they are at high risk of being infected with Cryptosporidium spp. after eating raw or undercooked contaminated bivalves.

Water works: Small sewage systems worry some

Kathleen Carey, Of the Times Staff
April 9, 2006

Like to gamble? Well, if you live in a part of Delaware County that gets its drinking water from the Springton Lake Reservoir, soon all youll have to do is fill a glass from the faucet. That's the concern of some officials, who say sewage from less-regulated, smaller sewage-treatment plants can seep into the ground and make its way to the reservoir.

Although filters are in place there to remove many contaminants, some people believe others may still trickle into the drinking-water supply.

However, others such as Aqua Pennsylvania, which owns the reservoir,say there are enough safeguards in place that have prevented and will continue to avert that scenario. Company officials say no one has more of a stake in safe drinking water than they do and they constantly strive to keep it that way as they prepare to own and operate a sewage treatment plant at the Garrett-Williamsson tract.

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Exotic Pets and the Perils of Keeping Them

Exotic pets are becoming ever more popular. Why go with boring old cats and dogs when you can have a snake, iguana or lizard, a stag beetle or tarantula, or at least a marmoset. While most of them make comparatively dull pets, especially the cold-blooded or invertebrate creatures, they offer a chance to observe exotic nature at close quarters and impress your friends. But before 'going exotic,' take a close look at the dangers.

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BOTSWANA: Diarrhoea epidemic kills 470 children

05 Apr 2006 18:37:24 GMT

JOHANNESBURG, 5 April (IRIN) - Botswana is struggling to control a diarrhoea epidemic that has claimed the lives of 470 children since January.

"A few adult cases have been reported but mostly children are affected," Colo Boitshoko, spokesman for the Ministry of Health, told IRIN. "We had a lot of rain for this time of the year - normally we have some diarrhoea cases around this time, but it never turns into an epidemic. The rain is the underlying cause."

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UV rays are used to treat water, kill 'nasty little bugs'

Tuesday, March 28, 2006

BY MIKE FRASSINELLI

Star-Ledger Staff

More than 10,000 water customers have another line of defense against potentially "nasty little bugs" in their water, now that Aqua New Jersey has built a $2.6 million treatment plant in Warren County that zaps microorganisms with ultraviolet rays.

The UV plant is being touted as the largest of its kind in New Jersey.

"This adds an extra layer of protection on water that is already meeting federal standards and state standards," Nicholas DeBe nedictis, chairman and chief executive officer of parent company Aqua America, said from the Lo patcong Township plant yesterday.

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Hearing on class action lawsuit in Spraypark case

3/20/2006 2:00 PM
(WROC-TV)

Lawyers for victims of a Cryptosporidium outbreak will appear before the State of New York Court of Claims in Syracuse on Monday, March 20th, to argue a motion in favor of the certification of a class action lawsuit against the State of New York Department of Parks, Recreation, and Historical Preservation.

If the class action is certified, all persons who became ill with Cryptosporidiosis and/or were otherwise damaged as a result of the Cryptosporidium outbreak at the Seneca Lake State Park Spraypark in 2005 would be eligible to join the class and receive compensation for their injuries and economic damages.

The New York State Health Department shut down the Seneca Lake State Park Sprayground on August 15, 2005, after it was determined that the Sprayground's water holding tanks, which were used to recycle water, were contaminated with Cryptosporidium.

On August 26, the Health Department issued an update on its investigation into the outbreak, announcing that 3,297 cases of Cryptosporidium had been reported in 33 New York counties.

Of those cases, 415 were confirmed cases reported to the State Health Department. Thirty-three people had been hospitalized with Cryptosporidiosis.

City goes ahead with spray park plans

By Mark Langlois THE NEWS-TIMES

DANBURY - City officials will push ahead with plans to create a spray park for Rogers Park although thousands became ill at similar parks in New York and Georgia.

Danbury leaders say the city's situation is different from the others.

The New York and Georgia parks didn't have treated municipal water and used reservoir water without treatment. They stored runoff from the sprayscape in tanks under the park and pumped it out again, so any contamination from people using the park was concentrated in the tanks.

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City says upcoming water park won't make you sick

February 14, 2006
Newstimeslive.com
Mark Langlois

DANBURY - As the city prepares to open a spray park in Rogers Park and Highland Park in May or June, officials are researching rules and construction plans that will keep children in the park safe.

The pools at Rogers and Highland were removed after the August 6, 2004, drowning of 2-year-old girl in Rogers Park.

City voters agreed to replace the pools with sprayscapes - playgrounds where water sprays out of colorful shapes like flowers, windmills, cannons and loops However, New York State created regulations to govern the parks after contaminated water caused thousands of illnesses in upstate New York. A similar problem in 1995 hurt 5,000 people in Georgia.

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Splash, spray parks get new health rules

Lauren Stanforth
Staff writer
The Democrat and Chronicle

(February 10, 2006) - In the wake of one of the nation's largest waterborne parasitic outbreaks in a decade, the state Health Department has finalized regulations that for the first time will ensure health and safety at splash and spray parks.

The regulations were written as a result of a parasitic outbreak at Seneca Lake State Park Sprayground near Geneva in which more than 3,800 people fell ill between June and August 2005 with symptoms of diarrhea, nausea, fever and headache. The parasite cryptosporidium was found in the Sprayground's water tanks and likely infected visitors when they got water from the park's sprayers in their mouths.

Cryptosporidium is a parasite found in human and animal feces. The Health Department now says its investigation concluded that park patrons infected the water. As to what extent the Sprayground's filtration system played a role in the outbreak, state health spokesman Robert Kenny said that a state investigation found the filtration system was inadequate to deal with cryptosporidium.

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Single lawsuit sought in spraypark case

By CRAIG FOX

Finger Lakes Times
cfox@fltimes.com

Three law firms representing 663 people who became ill after visiting the Seneca Lake State Park Sprayground last summer want to combine their efforts into one class action lawsuit.

A hearing has been scheduled for Jan. 18 in Syracuse, where the Seattle firm of Marler Clark and Rochester attorney Paul Nunes of Utterberg & Kessler will ask a Court of Appeals judge to let them join their cases with those of the Dreyer Boyajian law firm in Albany.

Nunes and the Seattle firm were already working together on a class action suit against the state Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, which owns and runs the park.

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EPA Hopes New Rules Will Improve and Protect Drinking Water

AXcess News
By Staff
December 18, 2005

(AXcess News) Washington - The Environmental Protection Agency said Thursday that it finalized two related drinking water protection rules - one that reduces the risk of disease-causing microorganisms from entering water supplies and the other that requires water systems to limit the amount of potentially harmful "disinfection byproducts" (DBPs) that end up in our drinking water.

Signed as the EPA enters the 31st anniversary year for the Safe Drinking Water Act, the rules were proposed in August 2003, and were developed from consensus recommendations from a federal advisory committee comprised of state and local governments, tribes, environmental, public health and water industry groups.

"Clean drinking water is a key ingredient to keeping people healthy and our economy strong," said EPA Administrator Stephen L. Johnson. "Over the past seven years EPA has worked collaboratively with stakeholders to develop regulations that will provide a balance between the need to disinfect drinking water and protect citizens from potentially harmful contaminants."

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Attorneys for Spraypark victims seek certification for class action lawsuit

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Contact Suzanne Schreck
206-346-1879
sschreck@marlerclark.com

ROCHESTER, NY (December 19, 2005) - Attorneys from Marler Clark, Underberg & Kessler, and Dreyer Boyajian filed a motion Friday for certification of a class action lawsuit against the State of New York Department of Parks, Recreation, and Historical Preservation. If the class action is certified, all persons who became ill with Cryptosporidiosis and/or were otherwise damaged as a result of the Cryptosporidium outbreak at the Seneca Lake State Park Spraypark in 2005 would be eligible to join the class and receive compensation for their injuries and economic damages.

The New York State Health Department shut down the Sprayground on August 15, 2005, after it was determined that the Sprayground's water holding tanks, which were used to recycle water, were contaminated with Cryptosporidium. On August 26, the Health Department issued an update on its investigation into the outbreak, announcing that 3,297 cases of Cryptosporidium had been reported in 33 New York counties. Of those cases, 415 were confirmed cases reported to the State Health Department. Thirty-three people had been hospitalized with Cryptosporidiosis.

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PUBLIC HEALTH GROUPS REACH AGREEMENT WITH EPA TO ISSUE NEW DRINKING WATER RULES

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Press contact: Elizabeth Heyd, Natural Resources Defense Council, 202/289-2424;
Bob Gould, Bay Area Physicians for Social Responsibility, 408/972-7299;
Jennifer Chavez, Earthjustice, 202/667-4500

If you are not a member of the press, please write to us at nrdcinfo@nrdc.org.

Legal Settlement Forces Agency to Protect Millions From Dangerous Parasites, Toxic Chemicals in Their Drinking Water

WASHINGTON (November 17, 2005) -- Public health advocates today reached an important agreement with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ending years of delays in setting new safeguards against germs, parasites and toxic chemicals in drinking water across the country. As a result of the agreement, filed in U.S. District Court in Washington, D.C., EPA will adopt three new rules for municipal water systems by next year ensuring cleaner drinking water for all communities.

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Is bottled water to be trusted?

Sealed doesn't always mean safe

By CHRISTINA LEE / Aggie Features Writer
Posted 11/16/2005


Water bottles are like iPods.

Whether riding the bus or strolling around on campus, it seems like everyone is carrying one around. Like the iPod, water bottles also come in mini sizes and attractive colors complete with appealing advertisements.

Whereas songs on an iPod come from a definitive location, the source and composition of bottled water isn't always known, accurate or safe.

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Cider makers are feeling the press

Editorial,
Bennington Banner
Friday, November 11

The state of New York can't leave well enough alone. Now it's going after farmers who produce apple cider, because 200 people got sick from "Macintosh's Revenge" in Peru, N.Y., last October. After the outbreak, the state stepped in with a new law that outlaws the sale of raw cider. The law goes into effect Jan. 8.

Farmers like James Perry of White Creek, N.Y., are now looking at a $13,500 to $15,000 expense for a UV machine or $20,000 to $90,000 pasteurization machine, just to make sure there's no cryptosporidium in their homemade, fresh cider.

Cryptosporidium is a bacteria that gets into food and water supplies from animal activity in a watershed area or through the introduction of sewage into a water supply.

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Parasite sickens more swimmers

By MARCELA ROJAS
THE JOURNAL NEWS

SOUTHEAST - Several more swimmers were sickened by a parasite that may have contaminated an indoor pool on Route 22.

Wings over Water, a center where children take lessons and have birthday parties, closed last week at the recommendation of the Putnam County Health Department after two unrelated people, an adult and a child, were diagnosed with cryptosporidiosis, a gastrointestinal illness caused by a microscopic parasite called cryptosporidium. The organism is found in feces.

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City tapped for its public water supply

Perhaps Kamloops This Week editor Christopher Foulds can be forgiven for his momentary mind melt that saw a caption on a recent photograph refer to the city's water system as being run "privately."

After all, he's new to the area and didn't live through the many cryptosporidium and giardia warnings, the boil-water advisories, the debate about adding fluoride, the do-we-need-water-metres referendum and the innumerable public meetings that led to the creation of the city's new water-filtration plant.

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Parasite sickens 9 at Rockford day-care center

ROCKFORD - Seven children and two employees at a Rockford Health System day-care facility and school contracted a parasite in recent weeks that can cause severe abdominal distress.

None of those who contracted the cryptosporidium parasite, which causes cryptosporidiosis, were hospitalized, according to the Winnebago County Health Department. The center is no longer believed to be at risk for the parasite. The cases were reported Sept. 12 to Oct. 3.

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New rules follow spraypark outbreak

10/18/2005

R News

An outbreak at the Seneca Lake State Park, New York, sprayground last summer caused illnesses in nearly 4,000 people and spawned a class action lawsuit against New York State. A small group of state officials met Monday to discuss the matter further.

The stories say the group did not spend time talking about the lawsuit. Instead, they focused on what needs to be done so that an outbreak of cryptosporidium does not happen again. Assemblyman Richard Gottfried (D-Manhattan), chair of the Health Committee, was quoted as saying, "Apparently ultraviolet light is enormously effective at killing the cryptosporidium microbe, where other things like filtration or chlorine are no where near as effective."

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Waterloo to build spray park

By LAUREN LONG
Finger Lakes Times
llong@fltimes.com


WATERLOO - As state health officials look for ways to make public spray park water safer, plans are progressing for a new spray park at the Community Center in Waterloo - one that will use fresh, not recycled, water.

"Ours is all potable water," said Community Center Director Mike Slywka, noting that the new state regulations expected to be released next month should have little impact on their project.

While the cause of an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness at Seneca Lake State Park this summer hasn't been determined, officials said the parasite cryptosporidium was found in the tanks through which the water was circulated.

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Water Park Visitors Sue: No Day At The Beach

Patrice Walsh (Ontario County, NY) 10/18/05 - A day at the park turned out to be anything but for hundreds of Rochester-area families who were among the thousands sickened after visiting the spray park at Seneca Lake this summer.

Toni Lynn Van Bramer remembers telling her four-year-old son Joshua not to drink the water at the spray park when they visited in August. A week later, both of them were sick with gastrointestinal symptoms.

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Morelle, N.Y. health, park officials discuss safety at sprayparks

Lauren Stanforth
Staff writer

(October 18, 2005) - New York state Assemblyman Joseph Morelle met with state health and park officials Monday to learn more about how the state will protect itself in the future against parasitic outbreaks at sprayparks.

Morelle, D-Irondequoit, chairman of the Assembly's committee on tourism, arts and sports development, has closely followed happenings after a parasite was found in water at the Seneca Lake State Park Sprayground in mid-August.

The outbreak caused at least 3,869 people to develop a gastrointestinal illness.

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Sprayground illness brings state officials here

Lauren Stanforth
Staff writer

(October 17, 2005) - New York state Assemblyman Joseph Morelle, D-Irondequoit, was meeting with New York state health and park officials today in Rochester, hoping to learn more about the state's investigation into the parasite outbreak at Seneca Lake State Park's Sprayground this past summer.

Morelle was being joined by Assemblyman Richard Gottfried, D-Manhattan, chairman of the Assembly's committee on health. Morelle is chairman of the committee on tourism, arts and sports development.

A Morelle spokesman this morning said the assemblyman wanted to learn whether the state had figured out how the parasite cryptosporidium had gotten into the Sprayground's water system, and what kind of regulations the state was writing to prevent this kind of outbreak from happening again.

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Mother Finds Crypto A Tricky Disease

ChannelCincinnati.com
October 13, 2005

CLERMONT COUNTY, Ohio -- A parasite that was originally found in Tri-State pools has spread into day-care centers, News 5's Juliette Vara reported.

Susan Micky, of Clermont County, said her 3-year-old daughter suffered for two weeks with the common symptoms of cryptosporidium.

"She had a lot of cramping," Micky said. "She would hold her stomach and wake up in the middle of the night, running to the bathroom."

Christina is feeling better thanks to medication, but Mickey said she was worried about what would happen to her girl.

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Attorney goes to court in spraypark case

By CRAIG FOX
Finger Lakes Times
cfox@fltimes.com

A lawyer representing about 250 people who became ill after visiting the Seneca Lake State Park spraypark was scheduled to appear in a court of claims in Syracuse this morning to get the state to notify everyone who is eligible to join the suit his firm has filed.

Rochester attorney Paul Nunes wants the state to notify each of the 4,000 people who contacted the Depart-ment of Health because time is running out on the 90 days they have to file a notice of claim to preserve their right to sue.

"This comes in the general heading of: It's the right thing to do," Nunes said.

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Victims tell of water bug horror

10/8/05

VICTIMS of a tap water bug have today spoken of their horrific battles against the gut-wrenching infection.

People across our communities have been struck down by a widespread outbreak of the parasite cryptosporidium.

The bug which causes severe upset stomachs is believed to have come from the River Itchen, which has treated sewage flowing into it.

Water chiefs have closed the treatment plant as a precaution, but say there could be other explanations.

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Court hearing held for possible class-action lawsuit in spray park illnesses

The outbreak of a stomach illness at a spray park in Geneva has now moved into an upstate courtroom and it could soon become a class-action lawsuit. In a Syracuse courthouse Wednesday a Rochester lawyer says he has more than 250 clients who say they got sick from the spray park. But Paul Nunes says he knows there are thousands of other victims out there and he hopes they know their rights. "Giving notice to the department of health is not enough. You have to file a claim against the state of New York to protect your rights and time is running out."

Nunes says many of his clients did not know they had to take that step so he came to the court of claims to ask a judge to require the state to tell all 4,000 people that information.

The attorney generals office, which is defending the state, says it's a ridiculous request.

"What the claimants are looking for today is essentially an invitation from the State of New York to file a lawsuit against it," said Assistant New York Attorney General Winthrop Thurlow.

Thurlow says by now, most people who got sick from the spray park should either know their legal rights and/or have taken legal action.

He says it's an unnecessary step, one that is not within the law and one that would benefit Nunes and his law firm by bringing them more clients.

Nunes says that's not the motivation. He says just look at the paperwork. Some people got so sick; they were hospitalized and missed weeks of work. A wrong he says, that should not go unpunished because they don't understand the legal system.

Crypto Case Evaluation

If you became ill with Cryptosporidiosis after being exposed to contaminated water at the Seneca Lake State Park Sprayground, the Marler Clark attorneys can evaluate your potential for a legal claim.

Click here to open the interactive version of the Cryptosporidium Case Evaluation Form. You can fill it out on-line, print it, and mail it to us at

Marler Clark LLP, PS
6600 Bank of America Tower
701 Fifth Avenue
Seattle, WA 98104

We will review your questionnaire, and contact you about your potential claim.

If you intend to pursue a claim, you must do so promptly. The law requires that you file a notice of claim within ninety days from the date of exposure to preserve your claim rights.

Local firm's unique aid is a nice pill to swallow

By ERNEST HOOPER, Times Columnist
September 16, 2005

Not a day goes by that someone doesn't contact the newspaper about a Hurricane Katrina relief effort.

Everyone wants to help.

Of all the efforts, however, one of the most unique may be a seven-figure offer from Tampa's Romark Laboratories. The pharmaceutical company will donate up to $1-million worth of its gastrointestinal, anti-infective drug Alinia to public health authorities in the gulf states.

Folks sometimes joke about diarrhea, but it's a serious concern in disaster situations. The kind of infectious diarrhea caused by the parasite cryptosporidium can last up to four weeks and cause severe abdominal pain. Alinia is the only FDA-approved treatment for cryptosporidium, and according to Romark, cryptosporidium is usually found in 67 to 98 percent of surface water.

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Spraypark lawsuit is filed

By CRAIG FOX
Finger Lakes Times
cfox@fltimes.com


GENEVA - A Rochester attorney and a nationally known Seattle law firm have filed a class action suit on behalf of families who became sick after visiting the spraypark at Seneca Lake State Park.

The Seattle law firm of Marler Clark and Rochester attorney Paul Nunes filed the case Tuesday against the state Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, which owns and runs the state park.

The four-year-old sprayground was closed Aug. 15 after about 40 people complained of a gastrointestinal illness. In subsequent weeks, reports of the outbreak grew to nearly 4,000 people across the state and nation.

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Class-action lawsuit filed over illnesses at water playground

By BEN DOBBIN
Associated Press Writer
September 13, 2005, 1:34 PM EDT

ROCHESTER, N.Y. -- The agency that oversees New York's parks and recreation sites was the target of a class-action lawsuit filed Tuesday on behalf of an estimated 3,800 people who developed gastrointestinal illnesses after visiting a popular water park in central New York.

A suburban Rochester couple, Tim and Jackie Springer, and their three young children became ill after spending the day at the state-run Sprayground near Geneva in late July. After caring for his children, the father ended up in the hospital with a secondary infection, the lawsuit alleged.

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Class Action Lawsuit Filed Against New York Office of State Parks

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Contact Suzanne Schreck
1-800-884-9840 Ext. 1879
sschreck@marlerclark.com

ROCHESTER, NY (September 13, 2005) - Marler Clark and Underberg & Kessler filed a class action complaint today against the New York Office of State Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. The lawsuit, which was filed in the State of New York Court of Claims, was filed on behalf of nearly 4,000 people who became ill with Cryptosporidiosis after visiting the Spraypark at Seneca Lake State Park in July and August. The named plaintiffs in the lawsuit are Timothy and Jacqueline Springer, a Monroe County couple, and their three children, who became ill with Cryptosporidium infections after visiting the Spraypark in late July.

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Metro water sources

Billy Steve Clayton

Minneapolis and St. Paul use the Mississippi River for their cities' water needs and sell water to some surrounding cities. St. Paul also uses water from regional watersheds, moving its supply through a system of lakes and aqueducts. Most of the other metro communities get their water from wells. Generally, well water needs less cleaning than surface water but surface water needs less mineral-removal. Only 23 Minnesota communities draw water from lakes, rivers or other surface sources.

40 filter units like the one shown below fill Minneapolis' new 1.5-acre water treatment facility in Columbia Heights.

The state-of-the-art system uses an ultrafiltration system that can remove disease-causing microorganisms such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium. The filters are cleaned regularly and can be repaired or replaced when necessary. The new plant's output is about the same as the old sand-filtration system it replaces -- up to 70 million gallons a day

Spraypark claim filed

Friday, September 02, 2005
By CRAIG FOX
Finger Lakes Times
cfox@fltimes.com

GENEVA - A Rochester attorney and a nationally known Seattle law firm yesterday filed a notice of claim for a class action suit they may bring on behalf of some families who became sick after visiting the spraypark at Seneca Lake State Park.

The law firm of Marler Clark and Rochester attorney Paul Nunes filed the paperwork in the case that could be brought against the state Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, which owns and runs the state park.

The 4-year-old sprayground was closed Aug. 15 after about 40 people complained of a gastrointestinal illness. In subsequent weeks, reports of the outbreak grew to more than 3,869 people in 35 counties -- with 612 cases confirmed.

The state Health Department determined the illness was cryptosporidiosis, caused by a microscopic parasite.

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Water illnesses spark court fight

Notice filed against state over Sprayground outbreak

Lauren Stanforth
Staff writer

(September 2, 2005) - Two lawyers filed a notice Thursday with the state Attorney General's Office that they intend to pursue a class action lawsuit against the state for the massive parasitic outbreak that struck Seneca Lake State Park's Sprayground this summer.

Tricia Van Putte of Greece is the only individual named in the notice of claim. She appears in the notice on behalf of herself and her two small children who attended the Sprayground on Aug. 11 and contracted cryptosporidiosis, a gastrointestinal illness caused by the parasite cryptosporidium.

But the notice also alerts the state of the attorneys' intentions to file a lawsuit involving more clients. Rochester lawyer Paul Nunes, one of the lawyers who filed the notice, said he has been contacted by about three dozen people interested in getting retribution for illness associated with the park.

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Lawyers file class action notice in Sprayground illness

Lauren Stanforth
Staff writer

(September 1, 2005) - Rochester and Seattle attorneys together filed a notice today with the state attorney general's office that they intend to pursue a class action lawsuit against the state for the massive parasitic outbreak that struck Seneca Lake State Park's Sprayground last month.

Tricia Van Putte of Greece is the only individual named in the lawsuit. She appears in the lawsuit on behalf of her two small children who attended the Sprayground on Aug. 11 and contracted cryptosporidiosis, the gastrointestinal illness that is caused by the parasite.

The state found the parasite in the Sprayground's two water tanks in mid-August. The state has said its investigation into how the parasite got there is continuing. More than 3,200 people have reported becoming ill after attending the spray park between June and mid-August.

The notice said a class action lawsuit involving other clients could be started through Van Putte's claim. A notice of claim is not a lawsuit; it is a document that allows attorneys more time to file a lawsuit.

The Seattle attorney specializes in public health outbreak cases.

Pool parasite punched out

By Andrea Reeves Staff Reporter

Information on crypto

The Hamilton County Health Department is trying to track the outbreak of crypto, a fecal-borne disease caused by ingestion of fecal matter. If you were in the Powell Crosley YMCA pool after Aug. 1 and you've had diarrhea, call health officials at 347-3273 between 1 p.m. and 5 p.m. seven days a week.

The best ways to avoid "crypto" is to:


Wash your hands often and thoroughly.

Thoroughly clean and cook food.

Don't swallow pool water.

Stay out of the pool for two weeks after symptoms stop if infected.
"Crypto" is usually not life-threatening. But in 1993, an estimated 403,000 residents of the greater Milwaukee, Wis., area became ill when an ineffective filtration process led to the inadequate removal of cryptosporidium in one of two municipal water treatment plants, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About 4,400 persons were hospitalized and about 100 people died in the Milwaukee case.

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Notice of Class Action Lawsuit Filed Against New York Office of State Parks

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

ROCHESTER, NY (September 1, 2005) - Marler Clark and Underberg & Kessler filed a notice of claim today against the New York Office of State Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. The notice indicates the intent to file a class action lawsuit on behalf of over 3,200 people who became ill with Cryptosporidiosis after visiting the Sprayground at Seneca Lake State Park in July and August. The notice was filed on behalf of Tricia Van Putte and her two young children, who will be the named plaintiffs in the class action lawsuit, and who became ill with Cryptosporidium infections after visiting the Sprayground. Marler Clark and Underberg and Kessler have been retained by several other families.

The New York State Health Department shut down the Sprayground on August 15 after it was determined that the Sprayground's water holding tanks, which were used to recycle water, were contaminated with Cryptosporidium. On August 26, the Health Department issued an update on its investigation into the outbreak, announcing that 3,297 cases of Cryptosporidium had been reported in 33 New York counties. Of those cases, 415 were confirmed cases reported to the State Health Department. Thirty-three people had been hospitalized with Cryptosporidiosis.

In 1997, 369 people, mostly children, became ill with Cryptosporidiosis after playing in a water fountain at a Minnesota zoo. In 1999, at least 38 people became ill with Cryptosporidium or Shigella infections after playing in a spray fountain at a beachside park in Florida.

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Officials warn: Careful swimming in that pool

Health agencies urge precautions against 'crypto' parasite

By Ryan Clark
Cincinnati Enquirer staff writer
Thursday, September 1, 2005

Area health officials are urging the public to help prevent the spread of an illness found in local pools.

Cryptosporidiosis, or crypto, is a diarrhea-causing parasite that can cause stomach cramps, nausea and fever, and is passed person-to-person, said Tim Ingram, Hamilton County health commissioner.

Authorities said Wednesday that more than 180 probable and confirmed cases have been identified in Southwest Ohio and Northern Kentucky. The Ohio Department of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have sent staff members to assist in the disease investigation.

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Official warns Spraypark illness caregivers: Wash hands

August 25, 2005
Democrat and Chronicle (NY)
Lauren Stanforth

Monroe County Health Director Dr. Andrew Doniger today urged parents and caregivers of those who contracted the cryptosporidium parasite at a Spraypark near Geneva to wash their hands thoroughly and regularly to keep the gastrointestinal illness from spreading.

Doniger said this week about 25 percent of calls to the Health Department were from people who got the illness from someone they came in close contact with, often a preschooler. About 90 percent of the 358 people in Monroe County who have reported getting sick were young children, Doniger said.

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Crypto Outbreak Spreads Into Northern Ky., Clermont Co.

August 26, 2005
www.channelcincinnati.com

CINCINNATI -- The crypto outbreak is spreading around the Tri-state, but one local health official suggests the approaching end of summer will keep it from becoming a big problem, News 5's John London reported.

Cases of the parasitic illness have now been reported in Clermont County and Northern Kentucky. The first reported local cases -- in seven kids and one adult -- were traced to a YMCA pool in Hamilton County. Now, there are 65 cases in a three-county area. All but two involve children.

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NY to enact 'emergency' rules for spray parks

Lauren Stanforth
Staff writer

(August 26, 2005) - The state Health Department will write regulations by November that will govern water quality at all spray and splash parks, state Health Commissioner Dr. Antonia C. Novello said this afternoon in an interview with the Democrat and Chronicle.

The regulations are in response to the parasitic contamination at Seneca Lake State Park's Sprayground this summer that may have made more than 3,200 people ill -- one of the largest parasitic waterborne infections in the U.S. in at least a decade.

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Parasite Outbreak Growing, Mostly Among Kids

Thu Aug 25, 5:43 AM ET

A potentially deadly disease is rapidly growing in Hamilton County, and it's hitting mostly pre-school children, News 5 reported.

After News 5 reported Tuesday on the cryptosporidium outbreak at a local YMCA pool, parents of sick kids and others with symptoms started calling the Health Department.

The Health Department is now investigating at least 24 cases ? three times the number of confirmed cases as of Tuesday. The cases involve 21 children under the age of 5.

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N.Y. Park Water Illnesses Grow to 2,202

From ABC 7 Monday August 22, 2005

ALBANY, N.Y. (AP) - A New York state assemblyman is launching an inquiry into the state-run water playground that may have spread more than 2,000 cases of gastrointestinal illnesses. "All visitors to New York State Parks should be confident that they will have a healthy and safe experience," State Assemblyman Joseph Morelle said in a statement.

The number of reported gastrointestinal illnesses possibly spread by the water playground at Seneca Lake Park has grown to 2,202 cases across 24 counties in western and central New York as of Monday.

So far, 13 cases in four different counties have been confirmed as cryptosporidiosis, a common waterborne disease.

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Parasite Outbreak Puts Swimmers At Risk

Nine People Fall Ill, One Hospitalized

August 24, 2005
The Cincinnati Channel

SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP, Ohio -- A dangerous parasite prompted the closing of hundreds of Hamilton County swimming pools Tuesday, and at least nine people are already sick, News 5 reports.

Eight children are ill and an adult has been hospitalized after an outbreak of cryptosporidium at Powel Crosley Y.M.C.A. in Springfield Township, health officials said.

"Crypto" will give you cramps and severe diarrhea that can last up to two weeks --- or even worse.

A severe outbreak in Milwaukee in 1993 killed 100 people when "crypto" spread into the water supply. About 400,000 people were infected.

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Nearly 750 are sickened at state park

August 19, 2005
The New York Times
Anahad O'Connor


A play area filled with water jets and sprinklers at a state park in central New York has been identified as the source of a severe intestinal illness that has stricken nearly 750 people in three weeks, the State Health Department said yesterday.

Nearly all of the confirmed cases of the disease, a highly contagious waterborne infection called cryptosporidiosis, have so far been traced to the attraction, known as the Sprayground, at Seneca Lake State Park in Geneva, N.Y., a Health Department spokesman, Jeffrey W. Hammond, said. Although none of the people who were infected are known to be critically ill, the outbreak may be among the largest ever involving cryptosporidiosis in New York State, which typically has fewer than 500 cases a year. The Sprayground, which gets about 43,000 visitors every August, was closed on Monday after health officials noted more than 100 cases of the disease in eight counties.

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State Health Department, Office of State Parks Issue Update on Seneca Lake State Park Gastrointestinal Outbreak

Public Should Take Precautions to Prevent Further Spread of Illness, 1738 Cases Reported

ALBANY, NY, August 19, 2005 - State Health Commissioner Antonia C. Novello M.D., M.P.H., Dr.P.H. and State Parks Commissioner Bernadette Castro today issued an update concerning the gastrointestinal illnesses which has been linked to the spray park attraction at Seneca Lake State Park. The dates of onset of illness range from June to the present and many people have since recovered.

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746 fall ill after visit to fun spot

Sickening bug suspected at Spraypark in Geneva


Jack Jones
Staff writer

(August 18, 2005) - GENEVA- The number of people sickened after visiting The Spraypark water sports playground at Seneca Lake State Park has risen to 746 in an eight-county area.

The park has been closed since Monday as a precaution after health officials identified it as the possible link between a suspected bacterial infection that has caused gastrointestinal illness in people who had visited the park, said Wendy Gibson, a spokeswoman for the state Department of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.

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Outbreak at Seneca Lake water park

August 17, 2005

13WHAM-TV
(Geneva, NY) -- It's now officially an outbreak.

The number of stomach illnesses linked to the sprayground water park at Seneca Lake Park in Geneva has grown to 800 cases; about 100 of those cases are children from Monroe County; others are from surrounding counties, other states, Mexico, and Canada.

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Park attendees become ill

By The Citizen
Wednesday, August 17, 2005 10:07 AM EDT



The New York State Department of Health reports that more than 100 cases of gastrointestinal illness may be linked to a water spray area at Seneca Lake State Park.

State Health Commissioner Antonia Novella said in a news release Tuesday that people who attended the park spray grounds since late July and are experiencing diarrhea, abdominal; cramping, nausea, vomiting, fever, headache or loss of appetite should contact their health care provider. Health care workers with patient contact and food service workers should notify their employers if they are experiencing gastrointestinal illness, and children and staff should refrain from attending day care if they show symptoms.

There has been one confirmed case of Cryptosporidiosis in Wayne County and additional tests are pending to determine the cause. The spray grounds at Seneca Lake State Park have been temporarily closed.

Illness traced to New York waterpark

2,000 people have reported symptoms
From Debra Goldschmidt
CNN

NEW YORK (CNN) -- More than 2,000 people in 24 New York counties have shown symptoms of a gastrointestinal illness traced to a water attraction at the Seneca Lake State Park in upstate New York, state health officials said Monday.

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Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Associated With an Interactive Water Fountain at a Beachside Park --- Florida, 1999

Since 1989, approximately 170 outbreaks associated with recreational water venues (e.g., swimming pools, waterparks, fountains, hot tubs and spas, lakes, rivers, and oceans) have been reported, with almost half resulting in gastrointestinal illness (1--5). This report summarizes the investigation of an outbreak of gastroenteritis in Florida during 1999. The findings indicated that Shigella sonnei and Cryptosporidium parvum infections caused illness in persons exposed to an "interactive" water fountain* at a beachside park.

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Outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis Associated with a Water Sprinkler Fountain -- Minnesota, 1997

Cryptosporidiosis associated with recreational water exposure is becoming recognized more frequently (1). This report summarizes the investigation of a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis associated with exposure to a water sprinkler fountain at the Minnesota Zoo. The initial cases were not diagnosed as cryptosporidiosis by the health-care system despite patients seeking care, underscoring the need for increased awareness of cryptosporidiosis and routine laboratory diagnostic practices among health-care providers.

On July 10, 1997, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) was notified by a parent about four cases of gastroenteritis among a group of 10 children whose only common exposure was a birthday party at the Minnesota Zoo on June 29. The zoo provided MDH with a list of registered groups that had visited the zoo during June 28-30; group members were contacted and interviewed about illness and zoo exposures. Initially, cases were defined as vomiting or diarrhea (defined as three or more loose stools during a 24-hour period) in persons who visited the zoo. Of 120 zoo visitors identified through the registered groups, 11 (9%) had illnesses that met the case definition. All had played in a water sprinkler fountain at the zoo, compared with seven (6%) of 109 controls (relative risk=undefined; p less than 0.001). Cryptosporidium oocysts were identified in nine of 10 stool specimens of case-patients tested at MDH. Two of the laboratory-confirmed case-patients had submitted stool samples previously for ova and parasite examination to their health-care providers; both samples were reported as negative for parasites.

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Spraypark lawsuit gets its first day in court

Daily_Messenger

December 28, 2005

Local News

Three law firms are representing 663 people claiming they suffered from a water-borne parasite at the popular attraction last August.

By KATRINA M. RANDALL / krandall@mpnewspapers.com

The state's Court of Claims in Syracuse will get the ball rolling next month on a massive lawsuit filed against the state on behalf of 663 people who claim they suffered illnesses after visiting the spraypark at Seneca Lake State Park outside Geneva last August.

The purpose of the hearing Jan. 18 will be to certify a class action filed by three law firms, Marler Clark in Seattle, Underberg & Kessler in Rochester and Dreyer Boyajian in Albany. A class action, if approved, is a type of lawsuit in which a large group of plaintiffs can argue a case collectively.

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